Child adversity and the developmental epidemiology of mood and anxiety disorders.

儿童逆境以及情绪和焦虑障碍的发展流行病学。

• 批准号: 8593314
• 负责人: Katie McLaughlin
• 金额: $ 17.52万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-02-01 至 2015-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8593314
• 关键词: Accounting; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Affective; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Attenuated; Autonomic nervous system; Biology; Candidate Disease Gene; Child; Childhood; Communities; Comorbidity; Complex; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Disease; Emotional; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Event; Exposure to; Family Violence; Genetic; Genetic Polymorphism; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Risk; Genotype; Goals; Hypothalamic structure; Individual; Intervention; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Moods; Nurses' Health Study; Onset of illness; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phenotype; Physiological; Physiological Processes; Pituitary Gland; Population; Preventive Intervention; Probability; Psyche structure; Psychopathology; Psychophysiology; Reaction; Reading; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Retrospective Studies; Risk; Role; Sampling; Stress; Surveys; System; Testing; Training; Training Activity; Work; biological adaptation to stress; complement C2a; design; early onset; emotional reaction; epidemiologic data; experience; genetic epidemiology; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; maltreatment; population based; programs; prospective; psychologic; public health priorities; public health relevance; response; skills; stressor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Career Development Award (K01) will provide the candidate with the necessary skills to develop an independent research program focused on using population-based data to identify the psychological, physiological, and environmental mechanisms underlying the association between childhood adversity and the later onset of mood and anxiety disorders and to examine the role of genetic factors in altering developmental trajectories among children exposed to adversity. Although adverse childhood experiences, such as maltreatment and exposure to family violence, account for a substantial proportion of mental disorders in the population, the complex developmental pathways that underlie these associations remain poorly characterized. The overall aim of the current application is to test a developmental epidemiologic model that posits a central role of emotional and physiological reactivity as a mechanism linking childhood adversity to the subsequent onset of mood and anxiety disorders. The model predicts that childhood adversity is more likely to trigger heightened emotional reactivity among individuals with specific genetic polymorphisms that increase vulnerability to stress. The training plan is designed to provide the candidate with skills in developmental psychopathology, stress biology and psychophysiology, and genetic epidemiology. Specifically, the candidate will acquire the knowledge and skills to: a) conduct developmentally informed studies to identify psychological and physiological mechanisms linking childhood adversity to mood and anxiety disorders; b) design, conduct, and analyze genetically informative studies; c) identify biologically plausible phenotypes that link genotype, childhood adversity, and mood and anxiety disorders; and d) conduct prospective epidemiologic studies of individuals exposed to childhood adversities, which assess both genetic and environmental risk factors. These skills will be developed through a combination of didactic training, guided readings, and mentored research projects. The proposed research program involves a combination of original data collection and analysis of existing epidemiologic data. The candidate will collect psychopathology, psychophysiology, experience sampling, and genetic data from a community sample of adolescents to examine the central hypotheses of the conceptual model. Psychophysiology methods and a candidate gene approach will be used to define a potential phenotype involving heightened emotional and physiological reactivity that links genetic vulnerability, childhood adversity exposure, and mood and anxiety disorders. The conceptual model also will be tested through analysis of three longitudinal epidemiologic data sets: the National Comorbidity Survey II, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Children and Parents, and the Nurses' Health Study II, two of which measure both genetic and environmental risk factors. Training activities and results will be used to develop an R01 application for a prospective epidemiologic study that assesses both genetic and environmental risk factors and aims to identify developmental pathways linking childhood adversity to the onset of mood and anxiety disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：该职业发展奖（K01）将为候选人提供必要的技能，以开发一个独立的研究项目，重点是使用基于人群的数据来确定童年逆境与后来情绪和焦虑症发作之间关联的心理、生理和环境机制，并研究遗传因素在改变逆境儿童发展轨迹中的作用。尽管童年时期的不良经历，例如虐待和家庭暴力，在人口精神障碍中占很大比例，但这些关联背后的复杂发展途径仍然鲜为人知。当前应用程序的总体目标是测试一种发展流行病学模型，该模型将情绪和生理反应性作为将童年逆境与随后的情绪和焦虑症发作联系起来的机制发挥核心作用。该模型预测，童年时期的逆境更有可能引发具有特定基因多态性的个体的情绪反应加剧，从而增加对压力的脆弱性。该培训计划旨在为候选人提供发展精神病理学、应激生物学和心理生理学以及遗传流行病学方面的技能。具体来说，候选人将获得以下知识和技能：a）进行发展性研究，以确定将童年逆境与情绪和焦虑症联系起来的心理和生理机制； b) 设计、进行和分析遗传信息研究； c) 识别与基因型、童年逆境以及情绪和焦虑症相关的生物学上合理的表型； d) 对童年时期遭遇逆境的个体进行前瞻性流行病学研究，评估遗传和环境风险因素。这些技能将通过教学培训、指导阅读和指导研究项目的结合来发展。拟议的研究计划涉及原始数据收集和现有流行病学数据分析的结合。候选人将从青少年社区样本中收集精神病理学、心理生理学、经验采样和遗传数据，以检验概念模型的中心假设。心理生理学方法和候选基因方法将用于定义涉及增强的情绪和生理反应性的潜在表型，该表型与遗传脆弱性、童年逆境暴露以及情绪和焦虑症相关。该概念模型还将通过对三个纵向流行病学数据集的分析进行测试：国家合并症调查 II、雅芳儿童和家长纵向研究以及护士健康研究 II，其中两个数据集同时测量遗传和环境风险因素。培训活动和结果将用于开发用于前瞻性流行病学研究的 R01 应用程序，该研究评估遗传和环境风险因素，旨在确定将童年逆境与情绪和焦虑症发作联系起来的发展途径。