Validating RDoC for Children and Adolescents: A Twin Study with Neuroimaging

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请提出了一种两部分方法来理解RDoC阳性和阴性效价系统的发育方面。该项目侧重于客观行为评估和多模式神经成像。研究1利用了1404名儿童（702对双胞胎），以前客观地评估为7岁的积极和消极的影响与电池的录像行为的措施，映射到RDoC尺寸。这些儿童也被评估为幼儿，后来在平均年龄14岁时进行评估，这允许纵向测试RDoC系统适用于儿童的结构效度。研究1包括完成14岁数据收集。研究2建议随访，平均年龄18岁，这些参与者（320同性双胞胎对）与全面的神经影像学和并发的心理生理学和神经心理学的措施，评估选择RDoC结构的积极和消极的效价系统。我们将确定是否站在儿童RDoC措施（从研究1）预测青少年神经影像学措施的反应性和恢复的积极和消极的影响（从研究2）。我们将测试的预测相关的RDoC结构使用结构和功能的连接性和动态功能（反应和恢复）的情感刺激的自动情绪调节任务的反应。我们使用双胞胎设计来辨别个体差异是否是遗传条件的，以及跨时间的协方差（RDoC的稳定性）和行为与神经测量之间的协方差（RDoC的神经基础）是否具有遗传基础。我们调查的RDoC结构的环境基础，通过预测早期intrapair行为RDoC差异和早期措施的逆境和压力的神经影像学参数的单卵intrapair差异。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application proposes a two-part approach to understanding developmental aspects of the RDoC positive and negative valence systems. The project focuses on objective behavioral assessment and multimodal neuroimaging. Study 1 takes advantage of 1404 children (702 twin pairs) previously objectively assessed as 7 year-olds on positive and negative affect with a battery of videotaped behavioral measures that map onto RDoC dimensions. These children had also been assessed as toddlers and were later assessed at mean age 14 years, which allows for longitudinal tests of construct validity of the RDoC systems as applied to children. Study 1 includes completion of the age 14 data collection. Study 2 proposes to follow-up, at mean age 18 years, 640 of these participants (320 same-sex twin pairs) with comprehensive neuroimaging and concurrent psychophysiological and neuropsychological measures that assess selected RDoC constructs from the positive and negative valence systems. We will determine whether standing on the childhood RDoC measures (from Study 1) predicts adolescent neuroimaging measures of reactivity and recovery of positive and negative affect (from Study 2). We will test predictions concerning correlates of standing on RDoC constructs using structural and functional connectivity and dynamic features (reactivity and recovery) of responses to affective stimuli in an automatic emotion regulation task. We use the twin design to discern whether individual differences are genetically conditioned and whether the covariance across time (stability of RDoC) and the covariance between behavioral and neural measures (neural underpinnings of RDoC) have genetic bases. We investigate environmental bases of RDoC constructs by predicting monozygotic intrapair differences in neuroimaging parameters from earlier intrapair behavioral RDoC differences and from earlier measures of adversity and stress.