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Low Dose Rapid Scanning Slit Digital Mammography and Breast Tomosynthesis

低剂量快速扫描狭缝数字化乳腺X线摄影和乳腺断层合成

基本信息

批准号：
9738244
负责人：
WILLIAM C BARBER
金额：
$ 32.4万
依托单位：
RAPISCAN LABORATORIES, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-06-01 至 2019-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9738244
关键词：
Low Dose Rapid Scanning Slit

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This fast track grant titled, "Low Dose Rapid Scanning Slit Digital Mammography and Breast Tomosynthesis" will enable us to bring to market a clinically driven improved method of breast imaging based on photon-counting x-ray detector arrays with energy discrimination. The detectors will enabled significant improvements in x-ray breast imaging such as reduced patient dose while maintaining excellent image quality, enhanced tissue contrast, material decomposition capabilities (tissue type identification), and quantitative iodine contrast imaging. The overall goal is to bring to the marketplace a photon-counting energy-dispersive x-ray detector with energy discrimination for use in human breast imaging. So far we have demonstrated a first generation fast photon-counting x-ray imaging array prototype which has a higher maximum output count rate (by more than an order of magnitude) than all others, and the array has been used to generate the preliminary data. Our technology is capable of counting at over 1 � 106 counts per second (cps) per 100 �m pixel which is 1 � 108 cps/mm2 and is the highest output count rate (OCR) measured to date with x-rays to our knowledge. Our x-ray imaging arrays are completely vertically integrated and can be tiled to large field of view. We use this technology to develop scanning slit breast imaging with multiple stacked 1D high flux energy resolved single photon counting detector arrays. For scanning slit digital mammography (DM) we have the advantage of energy information as compared to the currently available systems. Whereas for scanning slit digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) we would have, in addition to energy information, scatter rejection from the multi-slit scanning. Building a system capable of both DM and DBT in a scanning slit mode offers the chance to achieve DM, DBT, and synthetic DM from DBT data all on one system. A gantry design will be used to sweep the detector slits across the FOV always close to and parallel to the compressed breast and always pointing to the focal spot for both DM (tube at 0�) and DBT (tube anywhere between �25�) so that the geometry of the projection images is the same as currently used in flat panel DM and BDT. The high OCR allows the use of a strong 50 mA x-ray tube to produce shorter scan times. The proposed photon counting x-ray detector based breast imaging will not only improve the quality of the current attenuation-based gray-scale images, but also open a door to completely new applications, new procedures, and new protocols, using the capabilities of tissue-type specific x-ray images. We expect large commercial success with this product. This is due to the significant improvements to and advantages over existing detectors that our technology provides together with the widespread and increasing use of breast imaging. The x-ray exposure in breast cancer screening has been of major concern for radiologists and physicists as the number of examinations has increased. Therefore, a method which reduces the patient dose in screening examinations will have a significant impact on public health. Our product addresses the need to reduce dose in breast imaging. At the same time, improved tissue differentiation and contrast specific identification is needed for better diagnosis. Our product addresses these needs by improving image quality by making use of the energy information contained in the individually counted x-rays at high flux, information that is currently not obtainable with the non photon-counting x-ray imaging arrays currently in use in breast imaging systems.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项名为“低剂量快速扫描狭缝数字乳腺 X 线摄影和乳腺断层合成”的快速通道资助将使我们能够向市场推出一种临床驱动的改进的乳腺成像方法，该方法基于具有能量辨别功能的光子计数 X 射线探测器阵列。这些探测器将显着改进 X 射线乳腺成像，例如减少患者剂量，同时保持出色的图像质量、增强的组织对比度、材料分解能力（组织类型识别）和定量碘对比成像。总体目标是将具有能量辨别功能的光子计数能量色散 X 射线探测器推向市场，用于人体乳腺成像。到目前为止，我们已经展示了第一代快速光子计数X射线成像阵列原型，该原型具有比所有其他阵列更高的最大输出计数率（高出一个数量级以上），并且该阵列已用于生成初步数据。我们的技术能够以每 100 微米像素每秒超过 1 × 106 计数 (cps) 的速度进行计数，即 1 × 108 cps/mm2，是迄今为止用 X 射线测量的最高输出计数率 (OCR)。我们的 X 射线成像阵列完全垂直集成，可以平铺至大视场。我们利用这项技术开发具有多个堆叠一维高通量能量分辨单光子计数探测器阵列的扫描狭缝乳腺成像。对于扫描狭缝数字乳房X光检查（DM），与当前可用的系统相比，我们具有能量信息的优势。而对于扫描狭缝数字乳腺断层合成 (DBT)，除了能量信息之外，我们还会获得多狭缝扫描的散射抑制。构建一个能够在扫描狭缝模式下进行 DM 和 DBT 的系统，提供了在一个系统上从 DBT 数据实现 DM、DBT 和合成 DM 的机会。将使用龙门设计将探测器狭缝扫过视场，始终靠近并平行于压缩的乳房，并始终指向 DM（管在 0°）和 DBT（管在 25°之间的任何位置）的焦点，以便投影图像的几何形状与平板 DM 和 BDT 中当前使用的相同。高 OCR 允许使用强大的 50 mA X 射线管来缩短扫描时间。所提出的基于光子计数 X 射线探测器的乳腺成像不仅将提高当前基于衰减的灰度图像的质量，而且利用组织类型特定 X 射线图像的功能，为全新的应用、新程序和新协议打开了一扇大门。我们预计该产品将取得巨大的商业成功。这是由于我们的技术对现有探测器的显着改进和优势以及乳腺成像的广泛和不断增加的使用。随着检查数量的增加，乳腺癌筛查中的 X 射线暴露已成为放射科医生和物理学家主要关注的问题。因此，减少筛查检查中患者剂量的方法将对公众健康产生重大影响。我们的产品满足了减少乳腺成像剂量的需求。同时，为了更好的诊断，需要改进组织分化和对比特异性识别。我们的产品通过利用高通量下单独计数的 X 射线中包含的能量信息来提高图像质量，从而满足这些需求，而目前乳腺成像系统中使用的非光子计数 X 射线成像阵列无法获得这些信息。