Research Training in Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology

 描述（由申请人提供）：近年来，胃肠病学和肝病学患者护理的重大进展主要是由采用动物模型和人类受试者的预防性研究的应用所推动的。越来越多的基础和临床研究方法的交叉授粉正在产生对胃肠道（GI）和肝脏生物学以及疾病发病机制的新见解。这部分是由于大数据的应用，包括使用下一代测序，蛋白质组学，代谢组学和系统生物学。然而，仍然存在重大差距和挑战。为了在炎症性肠病（IBD）、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）、胆汁淤积和神经胃肠病学等领域取得成功，下一代研究人员必须做好充分准备，利用这些技术和转化机会。该培训补助金（TG）的主要目标是为优秀的博士后MD，MD/PhD和PhD研究人员在翻译胃肠病学和肝病学方面的成功和有影响力的职业生涯做好准备。培训计划（TP）将强调基础生物学和转化医学之间的接口工作，以填补知识和治疗学的重要空白。TP建立在13位经验丰富的NIH支持导师（6位来自儿科，3位来自内科，4位来自其他部门）的高度审查核心的优势之上，其中8位主要是基础研究人员，3位专门的临床研究人员，2位研究组合在基础和临床研究之间平均分配。由于许多成人胃肠道和肝脏疾病起源于儿童时期，通常持续一生，因此有目的地包括成人和儿科亚专业的导师。访问GI和肝脏疾病儿童和成人的大型多中心纵向研究（NIDDK和非NIDDK支持）的机会从未如此强大或可用，其中最大的IBD，胆汁淤积和NASH的领导者是TG导师。这个TG应用程序将集中精力在2博士后培训生（MD或博士）同时每年。学员将在TP执行委员会和导师的监督和指导下发展消化健康研究人员的专业知识，整合内部和外部咨询委员会的意见。TP结合了一个结构化的学位课程，在临床研究的科学硕士，每年为一个临床导向的MD学员，或在基础研究MD和博士学员转化研究证书，通过兰尼研究生院/亚特兰大临床和转化科学研究所（ACTSI）。学员将受益于一个平衡的奖学金监督委员会，该委员会具有基本和翻译专业知识，负责任的研究行为（RCR）培训课程以及学员驱动的个人发展计划（IDP）。完成个性化TP（课程作业，指导研究经验，环境暴露，建议和专业发展）预计将为学员的职业生涯提供丰富而持久的跳板。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In recent years, major advances in patient care in gastroenterology and hepatology have largely been driven by the application of translationally-oriented research employing animal models and human subjects. Increasingly, cross-pollination of basic and clinical research approaches is producing novel insights into gastrointestinal (GI) and liver biology as well as disease pathogenesis. This is due in part to the application of Big Data including the use of next generation sequencing, proteomics, metabolomics, and systems biology. However major gaps and challenges exist. In order to build on these successes in areas such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cholestasis and neurogastroenterology, the next generation of researchers must be properly prepared to take advantage of these technologies and translational opportunities. The over-arching goal of this Training Grant (TG) is to prepare outstanding post-doctoral MD, MD/PhD and PhD researchers for successful and impactful careers in translational gastroenterology and hepatology. The Training Program (TP) will emphasize working at the interface between basic biology and translational medicine to fill important gaps in knowledge and therapeutics. The TP is built upon the strengths of a highly-vetted core of 13 experienced NIH-supported mentors (6 from Pediatrics, 3 from Internal Medicine, and 4 from other Departments), 8 of whom are primarily basic researchers, 3 exclusively clinical researchers, and 2 whose research portfolios are split evenly between basic and clinical research. Since many adult GI and liver diseases have origins in childhood that often continue through life, mentors from both adult and pediatric subspecialties are purposefully included. Opportunities to access large multi-center longitudinal studies (NIDDK and non-NIDDK-supported) of children and adults with GI and liver diseases have never been more robust or available, and the leadership for the largest of these in IBD, cholestasis and NASH are TG mentors. This TG application will focus efforts on 2 post-doctoral Trainees (MD or PhD) contemporaneously each year. Trainees will develop expertise as digestive health researchers under the oversight and guidance of the TP Executive Committee and mentors, integrating Internal and External Advisory Board input. The TP incorporates a structured degree program in Masters of Science in Clinical Research for one clinically-oriented MD trainee each year, or a Certificate in Translational Research for basic research MD and PhD trainees, via the Laney Graduate School/Atlanta Clinical and Translational Science Institute (ACTSI). Mentees will benefit from a balanced Scholarship Oversight Committee with basic and translational expertise, coursework for the Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) training and a mentee-driven Individual Development Plan (IDP). Completion of individualized TP (coursework, mentored research experience, environmental exposure, advice and professional development) is expected to provide a rich and lasting springboard for mentees' careers.