EFFECTS OF A DIET RICH IN MACADAMIA NUTS ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTORS

富含澳洲坚果的饮食对心血管疾病危险因素的影响

• 批准号: 7625833
• 负责人: PENNY M KRIS-ETHERTON
• 金额: $ 4.68万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-01 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7625833
• 关键词: Affect; Almond Nut; American; Blood Vessels; Carbohydrates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clinical Research; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Consumption; Cross-Over Studies; Data; Diet; End Point; Epidemiologic Studies; Fabaceae; Fasting; Fatty Acids; Fiber; Food; Funding; Grant; Health; Inflammation; Institution; Juglans; Lipids; Literature; Macadamia Nut; Medical; Meta-Analysis; Monounsaturated Fatty Acids; Nutrient; Nuts; Oxidative Stress; Participant; Peanuts - dietary; Phytosterols; Randomized; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk Factors; Source; Trees; United States National Institutes of Health; Vitamin E; Week; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular risk factor; design; experience; interest; lipid metabolism

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Numerous epidemiologic studies have established cardioprotective effects of tree nuts and the legume peanuts. Many clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate the effects of nut consumption on multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and our research team has considerable experience in studying the effects of nuts on markers of cardiovascular risk (Kris-Etherton, Pearson et al. 1999; Kris-Etherton, Yu-Poth et al. 1999; West, Likos et al. 2002; Zhao, Etherton et al. 2004). In the current medical literature, almonds and walnuts have been studied the most intensively. In contrast, less is known about other nuts, including macadamia nuts. Macadamia nuts are of particular interest because, compared to the other nuts, they have a unique nutrient and fatty acid profile. In particular, they are a rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids, and numerous cardioprotective nutrients including fiber, vitamin E, and plant sterols. Because of this nutrient "package", it is likely that macadamia nut consumption can significantly reduce multiple CVD risk factors, compared to an "average American" diet. Results of a meta-analysis conducted by Garg et al. found that diets high in MUFA vs. high in carbohydrate reduce fasting TG levels by 19%, decrease VLDL-C by 22%, and moderately increase HDL-C without negatively affecting LDL-C. Taken together, the nutrients present in macadamia nuts have been shown previously to have independent beneficial effects on lipid metabolism. This study is designed as a 2 period, 5-week randomized crossover study. Participants will be given all of their food for the diet periods and endpoints will be assessed at the end of each period (lipids, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, vascular health). Data will be compared between each of the two diet periods.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心来说，它不一定是研究者的机构。 许多流行病学研究已经证实木本坚果和豆类花生具有心脏保护作用。 已经进行了许多临床研究来评估坚果消费对心血管疾病（CVD）多种危险因素的影响，我们的研究团队在研究坚果对心血管风险标志物的影响方面拥有丰富的经验（Kris-Etherton, Pearson et al. 1999; Kris-Etherton, Yu-Poth et al. 1999; West, Likos et al. 2002; Zhu, Etherton et al. 2004）。 在当前的医学文献中，杏仁和核桃的研究最为深入。 相比之下，人们对其他坚果（包括澳洲坚果）知之甚少。 澳洲坚果特别令人感兴趣，因为与其他坚果相比，它们具有独特的营养成分和脂肪酸特征。 特别是，它们富含单不饱和脂肪酸和多种心脏保护营养素，包括纤维、维生素 E 和植物甾醇。 由于这种营养“包”，与“普通美国”饮食相比，食用澳洲坚果很可能可以显着减少多种 CVD 危险因素。 Garg 等人进行的荟萃分析结果。研究发现，与高碳水化合物饮食相比，高 MUFA 饮食可将空腹 TG 水平降低 19%，将 VLDL-C 降低 22%，并适度提高 HDL-C，而不会对 LDL-C 产生负面影响。 综上所述，澳洲坚果中的营养物质此前已被证明对脂质代谢具有独立的有益作用。 本研究被设计为一项 2 期、5 周的随机交叉研究。参与者将在饮食期间获得所有食物，并在每个期间结束时评估终点（脂质、炎症和氧化应激标志物、血管健康）。将比较两个饮食周期之间的数据。