Ecological Momentary Assessment of Negative Urgency's Effects on Alcohol and Marijuana Misuse

项目摘要 消极的紧迫感，即在面对消极情绪时采取轻率行动的倾向，是最强烈的一种 酒精和大麻滥用的人格预测因素（大量使用，中毒，以及 后果）。面对强烈的消极情绪，人们认为消极紧迫感高的人 从事冲动行为，过度关注缓解负面影响，尽管长期 后果，消极地强化冲动行为。然而，没有研究表明， 高紧迫感的人在面对负面情绪时实际上表现得更冲动，什么情况下可能 增强或缓冲这种效应，或者影响驱动的冲动在酒精的发展中扮演什么角色， 在年轻的成年时期滥用大麻。本研究的目的是（目标1）表征内- 负紧迫性的个人过程（目标2）识别该过程的人与人之间和人与人之间的调节者， 如酒精促进的情况和情绪调节，和（目的3）测试的作用，EMA评估 酒精和大麻滥用的发展超过两年的年轻成年的紧迫性。使用大 （n = 500）经常使用酒精或大麻的年轻人（18 - 22岁）样本， 社区，拟议的研究将严格测试这一理论的紧迫性使用生态瞬间 评估设计与纵向随访相匹配，使我们能够描述个体之间的特征 对消极情绪的冲动反应的人内过程的差异，以及 可能加剧或削弱这种联系的行为。了解人格可能 导致药物滥用将提供新的研究目标，并刺激更多的发展。 有针对性的个性化干预。

PROJECT SUMMARY Negative urgency, a tendency to rash action in the face of negative emotions, is one of the strongest personality predictors of alcohol and marijuana misuse (heavy use, intoxication, and the experience of consequences). In the face of strong negative emotions, people high on negative urgency are theorized to engage in impulsive behavior that is hyper-focused on relieving negative affect despite the long-term consequences, negatively reinforcing impulsive behavior. However, no research has tested whether individuals high on urgency actually behave more impulsively in the face of negative emotions, what situations might enhance or buffer this effect, or what role affect-driven impulsivity plays in the development of alcohol and marijuana misuse during young adulthood. The goal of the current study is to (Aim 1) characterize the within- person process of negative urgency (Aim 2) identify between and within person moderators of that process, such as alcohol-promoting situations and emotion regulation, and (Aim 3) test the role of EMA-assessed urgency in the development of alcohol and marijuana misuse over two years of young adulthood. Using a large (n = 500) sample of young adults (age 18 – 22) who regularly use alcohol or marijuana recruited from the community, the proposed study will critically test this theory of urgency using an ecological momentary assessment design matched with longitudinal follow-ups, allowing us to characterize between individual differences in the within-person process of impulsive responses to negative emotions, and the situations and behaviors that may exacerbate or attenuate this link. Understanding the mechanisms by which personality may lead to substance misuse will provide novel targets of research as well as spur the development of more focused personality targeted interventions.