Preconception stress exposure: Impact on pregnancy and offspring neurodevelopment

孕前压力暴露：对妊娠和后代神经发育的影响

• 批准号: 10004737
• 负责人: ALISON E HIPWELL
• 金额: $ 229.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-21 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10004737
• 关键词: African American; Age; Attention; Attenuated; Award; Biological Markers; Biometry; C-reactive protein; CRH gene; Chicago; Child; Child Health; Childbirth; Childhood; Chronic; Collaborations; Conceptions; Data; Development; Disease; Disease model; Ensure; Environment; Exposure to; Family; Fatty Acids; Folic Acid; Fostering; Future; Growth and Development function; Health; Housing; Hydrocortisone; Immune; Impairment; Individual Differences; Infrastructure; Institution; Iron; Knowledge; Life; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Low income; Measures; Mediating; Methodology; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Nutritional; Nutritional status; Outcome; Oxidoreductase; Participant; Pediatric cohort; Phase; Placenta; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Pregnancy; Prenatal Nutrition; Prevention; Proteins; Psychophysiology; Public Assistance; Public Health; Recovery; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Sampling; Short-Term Memory; Specific qualifier value; Steroids; Stress; Testing; Tissues; Translating; Triglycerides; Underrepresented Populations; Universities; Venous blood sampling; Vitamin D; Woman; Work; base; behavior measurement; biological systems; cardiometabolism; cohort; design; emerging adult; executive function; fetal; girls; healthy pregnancy; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; improved; maternal stress; multimodality; neurodevelopment; nutrition; offspring; pediatric health outcomes; postnatal period; pregnant; prenatal; prenatal health; prenatal stress; prospective; prospective test; psychosocial; racial diversity; relating to nervous system; resilience; response; stress reactivity; stressor; transmission process; violence exposure; young woman

PROJECT SUMMARY The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease model, that the early life environment has widespread consequences for later health, has been applied primarily to the role of prenatal stressors on offspring outcomes. Despite compelling new evidence that vulnerable exposure windows occur prior to conception, very little is known about the impact of preconception stress exposure on pregnancy health, the fetal environment, or on offspring neurodevelopment. In response to RFA-OD-16-004 ‘Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Pediatric Cohorts’ (UG3/UH3), we propose to test the hypothesis that preconception environmental stress exposure will predict deficits in offspring neurodevelopment via alterations in maternal capacity to regulate stress during pregnancy. Furthermore, we contend that preconception nutrition status will attenuate the negative effects of preconception stress exposure on offspring outcomes. The proposed study will build on the Pittsburgh Girls Study (PGS), a longitudinal study of 2,450 urban-living young women for whom the timing and chronicity of multiple stress exposures (e.g. housing and family stress, exposure to violence) has been prospectively and robustly measured for the past 16 years spanning childhood through early adulthood. The majority of PGS participants are from populations that are under-represented in research: African-Americans and women from low-income environments. Biomarkers of preconception stress exposure (i.e. immune and cardiometabolic function) and nutrition (i.e., vitamin D, fatty acids, iron, protein and folic acid) will be assessed in early adulthood. PGS participants who become pregnant over the period of award (N ≈ 800) will complete three psychophysiological assessments of stress regulation (e.g. intensity and recovery of cortisol response) during pregnancy, and placental function will be assessed. Offspring neurodevelopment will be assessed at 6, 15, 24 and 36 months with multi-modal measures (e.g., neural and behavioral measures of executive function and stress reactivity). The first study aim is to elucidate the prospective associations between preconception stress exposure and deficits in offspring neurodevelopment. The second aim is to determine the extent to which prenatal stress regulation mediates this association. Our UG3 feasibility aims will be carried out within the PGS infrastructure, thereby ensuring that methods established will translate seamlessly to the proposed study. Our interdisciplinary team has expertise in every aspect of the proposed study and includes long-standing, productive collaborations between investigators at the Universities of Pittsburgh and Chicago, institutions that are extremely well-suited to support the proposed study. Achieving the stated aims of the proposed study will contribute to the identification of prerequisites for optimal child health. Furthermore, our prospective design for measuring prenatal stress regulation and offspring neurodevelopment will significantly contribute to the mission of ECHO by providing a unique opportunity to test consortium-wide hypotheses prospectively in a racially diverse cohort.

项目总结