Project 4 - Portable, self-cleaning advanced electro-oxidation systems for distributed and point-of-use water treatment

项目 4 - 用于分布式和使用点水处理的便携式自清洁先进电氧化系统

• 批准号: 10558726
• 负责人: Akram N Alshawabkeh
• 金额: $ 20.56万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-12 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10558726
• 关键词: Address; Adsorption; Adverse effects; Advisory Committees; Area; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Assessment tool; Benign; Carbon; Caribbean region; Cathodes; Characteristics; Chemicals; Communities; Consumption; Coupled; Degradation Pathway; Distributed Systems; Electrodes; Electrolyses; Engineering; Environment; Event; Evolution; Excision; Exposure to; Friends; Generations; Goals; Hazardous Substances; Health; Hour; Hurricane; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; In Situ; Individual; Ions; Iron; Kinetics; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Libraries; Link; Maintenance; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; Natural regeneration; Outcome; Palladium; Pathway interactions; Performance; Pesticides; Porosity; Process; Puerto Rico; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reporter; Risk; Risk Assessment; Risk Reduction; Rural Community; Signal Recognition Particle; Solar Energy; Solvents; Source; Superfund; Surface; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Toxic effect; Toxicogenomics; Variant; Water; Water Purification; Water Supply; Work; Yeasts; adverse pregnancy outcome; aqueous; carbon fiber; catalyst; contaminated drinking water; cost effective; cytotoxic; design; experimental study; geochemistry; ground water; improved; in vitro Bioassay; interest; member; novel; operation; oxidation; phthalates; pilot test; portability; remediation; residence; rural area; superfund chemical; superfund site; wasting; water sampling; water treatment

PROJECT SUMMARY Study Objectives: The goal of this project is to develop and test a portable, low-maintenance, and self- cleaning water purification technology for both point-of-use and point-of-entry water treatment. A novel electro- Fenton (EF)-like Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Process (EAOP) will be coupled with sorption using practical, cost-effective, environmentally friendly carbon-based porous cathodes. Two approaches will be implemented: 1) removal of organic mixtures from the water via adsorption by carbon-based electrodes, then regeneration of the adsorbent via application of the EAOP on the carbon-based porous cathode surfaces to locally generate reactive oxygen species (ROS); and 2) simultaneous application of adsorption and EAOP. The motivation for this work is the need to provide clean water to communities near Superfund sites in Puerto Rico that lack access to clean water after the devastation of Hurricane Maria in 2017, as well as the need for a water treatment technology that can be used in rural areas. Study Approach: Laboratory studies will be conducted using water collected from the study area in Puerto Rico. Target chemicals will include chlorinated solvents, phthalates, pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Mechanistic studies will investigate continuous generation of ROS without addition of traditional catalysts (Pd, Fe) that are expensive, waste-producing, or potentially toxic. Instead, we will use three types of benign carbon-based cathodes: Granular Activated Carbon (GAC), Activated Carbon Fiber (ACF) and Granular Biochar (GB). Enhancement techniques that include polarity reversal and floating cathodes will be tested, and conditions that maximize continuous generation of ROS will be identified. Sorption characteristics of the three carbon-based cathodes will be measured, and EAOP’s ability to regenerate the sorption capacity of the cathodes and simultaneously oxidize aqueous contaminants will be tested. To improve understanding of transformation pathways and mechanisms, we will measure changes in concentration of target organics and analyze newly formed by-products. For these laboratory tests, water collected from Puerto Rico will be mixed with model contaminants and used for testing. The variations in toxicity levels and mechanistic profiles during the course of the electrochemically induced degradation will disclose potential causal agents and their links to the degradation pathways. Scaling of operational parameters and performance, geochemical and hydraulic parameters during operation, toxicity evolution, and potential adverse effects will be investigated. We will also assess the risk reduction efficacy of the process using a novel toxicogenomics-based toxicity assessment. Expected Results: Based on this technology, a portable water, self-cleaning treatment system will be designed and tested on water samples from Puerto Rico. The system will be engineered for inclusion into both point-of-use and point-of-entry water treatment systems and can also be implemented in rural areas in the US mainland that are not connected to public water systems.

项目摘要 研究目标：该项目的目的是开发和测试便携式，低维护和自我 清洁净水技术，用于使用点和进入点的水处理。一个新颖的电 - Fenton（EF）类似电化学先进的氧化过程（EAOP）将与吸附使用 实用，成本效益，环保的碳基多孔阴极。两种方法将是 实施：1）通过碳基电极添加吸收从水中清除有机混合物，然后 通过将EAOP应用于碳基多孔阴极表面上的吸附剂再生 局部产生活性氧（ROS）； 2）简单地应用吸附和EAOP。这 这项工作的动机是需要向波多黎各超级基金网站附近的社区提供清洁的水 在2017年飓风玛丽亚（Maria）破坏后，这种情况无法获得清洁的水，以及需要 可以在农村地区使用的水处理技术。 研究方法：将使用从波多黎各研究区收集的水进行实验室研究 Rico。目标化学物质将包括氯化溶液，邻苯二甲酸盐，农药和多环芳烃 碳氢化合物（PAHS）。机械研究将研究ROS的连续产生而不添加 昂贵，产生或潜在有毒的传统催化剂（PD，FE）。相反，我们将使用三个 良性碳基降管的类型：颗粒活性碳（GAC），活性炭纤维（ACF）和 颗粒生物炭（GB）。包括极性逆转和浮动阴极在内的增强技术将是 经过测试，将确定最大化连续产生ROS的条件。吸附特征 将测量三个基于碳的阴极中的三个碳阴极，而EAOP具有再生能力的能力 将测试阴极和简单的氧化物水性污染物。提高对 转化途径和机制，我们将衡量目标有机体浓度的变化和 分析新形成的副产品。对于这些实验室测试，将混合从波多黎各收集的水 带有模型污染物，用于测试。毒性水平和机械曲线的变化 电化学引起的降解过程将披露潜在的因果因素及其与 退化途径。操作参数和性能的缩放，地球化学和水解 将研究操作过程中的参数，毒性演变和潜在的不利影响。我们也会 使用基于毒物学的新型毒性评估评估该过程的风险降低效率。 预期结果：基于这项技术，便携式水，自我清洁的治疗系统将是 在波多黎各的水样中设计和测试。该系统将经过设计，以将两者纳入两者 使用点和进入点的水处理系统，也可以在美国的农村地区实施 与公共供水系统无关的大陆。