EVENT-LEVEL ANALYSIS OF EXPECTANCIES, ALCOHOL USE, AND CONSEQUENCES

描述(由申请者提供)：关于大学生饮酒、误用以及由此产生的负面后果，已经有了广泛的记录。尽管最近在理解和预防过量饮酒和相关危害方面做出了大量努力并取得了进展，但关于高危大学生饮酒的病因和维持方面的文献仍然存在相当大的差距。先前的研究已经证明，与酒精相关的负面事件可以促进饮酒行为、改变动机和与饮酒相关的认知的改变。这项拟议的研究将有助于理解年轻的成年大学生在经历了负面后果后可能发生的自我改变。在这项建议中，我们使用事件级别的观点来检查预期、饮酒和后果之间的相互关系。使用交互式语音应答(IVR)，400名大学生将在一年内的四次为期两周的时间里，每天三次报告他们的预期、饮酒和与酒精相关的后果。通过使用随时间推移的每日报告，我们可以确保预期、饮酒和后果之间的时间关系；将回忆偏差降至最低；调查预期、饮酒和后果之间的相互关系；并检查人内和人与人之间对饮酒和后果的影响。使用多水平模型，我们将(1)检验饮酒预期和饮酒之间的日常关系；(2)研究预期、后果和饮酒随时间的双向影响；(3)检验饮酒的直接后果是否随时间改变随后的预期和饮酒；以及(4)检验期望、饮酒和饮酒之间的人内关系的时变和时变调节因素。与自我改变相关的因素对于理解高风险饮酒的维持和波动非常重要，最终可能有助于为针对有后果风险但不寻求干预或治疗的饮酒者提供干预措施。 与公共健康相关：先前的研究已经证明，与酒精相关的负面事件可以促进年轻人和大学生饮酒行为、改变动机和与饮酒相关的认知的改变。这项拟议的研究将有助于理解年轻的成年大学生在经历了负面后果后可能发生的自我改变。与自我改变相关的因素对于理解高风险饮酒的维持和波动非常重要，最终可能有助于为针对有后果风险但不寻求干预或治疗的饮酒者提供干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol use, misuse and resulting negative consequences among college students have been extensively documented. Despite substantial efforts and recent advances in understanding and preventing excessive consumption and related harm, considerable gaps in the literature regarding etiology and maintenance of high-risk college drinking remain. Prior research has documented that negative alcohol-related events can promote changes to drinking behavior, motivations for change, and cognitions related to drinking. The proposed study will help to understand how self-change might occur among young adult college students as a result of experienced negative consequences. In this proposal, we use an event-level perspective to examine the interrelationships of expectancies, drinking, and consequences. Using Interactive Voice Response (IVR), 400 college students will report on their expectancies, drinking, and alcohol-related consequences three times daily for four two-week intervals over one year. By using daily reports over time, we can ensure temporal relationships between expectancies, drinking, and consequences; minimize recall bias; investigate reciprocal relationships of expectancies, drinking and consequences; and examine both within- and between-person influences on drinking and consequences. Using multilevel modeling, we will (1) examine the daily relationships between alcohol expectancies and alcohol use; (2) study bidirectional influences of expectancies, consequences, and drinking over time; (3) examine whether the immediate consequences of drinking change subsequent expectancies and drinking over time; and (4) examine the time-varying and time-in varying moderators of the within-person relationships between expectancies, drinking, and consequences. The factors related to self-change are important for understanding the maintenance and fluctuations of high-risk drinking and may ultimately help inform interventions targeted to drinkers who are at risk for consequences but are not seeking intervention or treatment. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Prior research has documented that negative alcohol-related events can promote changes to drinking behavior, motivations for change, and cognitions related to drinking among young adults and college students. The proposed study will help to understand how self-change might occur among young adult college students as a result of experienced negative consequences. The factors related to self-change are important for understanding the maintenance and fluctuations of high-risk drinking and may ultimately help inform interventions targeted to drinkers who are at risk for consequences but are not seeking intervention or treatment.