Trauma, Trauma Sequelae, and Substance Use in College

文献显示，相当数量的年轻人报告创伤暴露并与 当他们进入大学的时候，创伤应激后遗症。其他学生将暴露在创伤和 在大学期间经历了由此产生的后遗症。流行病学和临床文献中有 将创伤的病因和病程、创伤应激后遗症(TSS)和物质使用(SUB)联系起来。这 链接可以从社会学习(SLT)框架理解，该框架将物质使用视为一种努力 应对与持续的创伤后遗症相关的心理痛苦。此外，SLT假设这些 现象是相互关联的，受个人和环境因素的影响。尽管很高 大学人群中的创伤、创伤和创伤发生率：理论指导下的前瞻性研究 奇怪的是，大学生的联想和影响他们课程的因素一直没有出现在 经验主义文献。 本研究旨在为创伤的动态过程提供一个理论指导的研究。 大学生的压力后遗症和酒精、非法药物和烟草的使用。在线调查数据将是 第一年分6波采集，以后每年分4波采集。将收集数据 在两所公立大学。纽约州立大学布法罗分校和北卡罗来纳大学格林斯伯勒分校的学生将通过电子邮件在 在入学前的夏天，将通过基于网络的创伤暴露和创伤调查进行筛选 压力后遗症。在此筛选的基础上，1,004名(TSS和非TSS)学生将成为目标 做进一步的跟进。利用网络技术，学生将在每年秋季学期首先接受调查 大学，并将在每年的研究中进行多次评估。创伤之间的前瞻性关联， TSS和物质使用轨迹将使用潜在增长曲线建模进行检查。调解员(自己人 有效性)和主持人(性别、应对、社会影响)将与社会学习一致进行测试 理论，以及其他相关的理论框架。创伤和TSS对大学辍学的影响 此外，当局亦会研究差饷。这项研究将有助于形成对TSS-SUB关联的理解，以及 为大学生制定有针对性的药物使用干预措施提供信息。调查结果也将 为大学管理人员提供有关学生流失和留住的有价值的信息。

The literature shows that a significant number of young adults report trauma exposure and associated traumatic stress sequelae by the time they enter into college. Other students will be exposed to trauma and experience resulting sequelae during their college experience. Epidemiological and clinical literature has linked the etiology and course of trauma, traumatic stress sequelae (TSS), and substance use (SUB). This link may be understood from a Social Learning (SLT) framework which views substance use as an effort to cope with psychological distress associated with ongoing traumatic sequelae. Further, SLT posits that these phenomena are reciprocally related, and are affected by individual and environmental factors. Despite high rates of trauma, TSS,and SUB in college populations, theoretically guided, prospective examination of these associations and factors affecting their course in college students have been curiously absent in the empirical literature. This research seeks to provide a theoretically guided investigation of the dynamic course of traumatic stress sequelae and alcohol, illicit drugs, and tobacco use in college students. On-line survey data will be collected in 6 waves in the first year and 4 waves each year for the subsequent years. Data will be collected at two public universities. Students at SUNY Buffalo and UNC Greensboro will be contacted by e-mail in the summer prior to matriculation and will be screened via web-based survey for trauma exposure and traumatic stress sequelae. Based on this screening, a sample of 1,004 (TSS and non-TSS) students will be targeted for follow-up. Using web technology, students will be surveyed first in the Fall semester of each year in college, and will be assessed multiple times each year of the study. Prospective associations among trauma, TSS, and substance use trajectories will be examined using latent growth curve modeling. Mediators (self- efficacy) and moderators (gender, coping, social influences) will be tested consistent with Social Learning Theory, and other relevant theoretical frameworks. The impact of trauma and TSS on university drop-out rates also will be examined. This research will help to shape understanding of the TSS-SUB association, and to inform the development of targeted substance use interventions for college students. Findings also will offer valuable information for university administrators regarding student attrition and retention.