TR&D1: Stem Cell and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Resources (Pages 116-134)

该中心致力于开发技术和工具，用于鉴定和表征与细胞糖蛋白和糖脂相关的聚糖结构和转录本。作为糖基化技术和工具进一步发展的试验台，研究将再次集中在人类多能干细胞的表征上，包括胚胎干细胞（hESCs）和诱导多能干细胞（iPSCs）。一系列来自干细胞的分化细胞系将被纳入这一分析。这种生物模型是糖组学技术和工具开发的理想测试平台，因为它提供了多种聚糖结构，并且由于可以生成的细胞类型的多样性而面临挑战。这些研究将为人类胚胎发育提供新的见解，并将导致干细胞表征的新生物标志物的鉴定。这项研发的主要优势在于，它成功地从hESC和hiPSCs中产生了纯化的、特性良好的细胞类型。例如，我们常规生产适合下游分析的神经、肝脏、胰腺和心脏谱系。第一个从多能细胞[1]直接分化神经嵴干细胞的方法是该中心上一轮资助的一部分。其他心血管谱系也正在开发中，以增加其他tr&d分析的细胞多样性，并提高将遇到的聚糖复杂性。

This Center is dedicated to the development of technologies and tools for the identification and characterization of glycan structures and transcripts associated with cellular glycoproteins and glycolipids. As a test-bed for the further development of glycomic technologies and tools, studies will again focus on the characterization of human pluripotent stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). A range of differentiated cell lineages derived from stem cells will be incorporated into this analysis. This biological model is ideal as a test-bed for glycomics technologies and tool development because it offers a diverse range of glycan structures and challenges due to the diversity in cell types that can be generated. These studies will offer new insights into human embryonic development and will lead to the identification of new biomarkers for stem cell characterization. A major strength of this TR&D has been its success in generating pure, well-characterized cell types from hESC and hiPSCs. For example, we routinely produce neural, liver, pancreatic and cardiac lineages that are suitable for downstream analysis. The first method for direct differentiation of neural crest stem cells from pluripotent cells [1] was developed as part of the Center's previous round of funding. Additional cardiovascular lineages are also being developed to increase the diversity of cells to be analyzed by other TR&Ds'and to enhance glycan complexity that will be encountered. In this competitive renewal, we propose to extend our previous work and also include a new emphasis on human iPSC models for glycosylation-related disease. Understanding the basis of these diseases represents a major challenge and an area that is largely underexplored and poorly understood. Using iPSC-reprogramming technology, we propose to generate panels of fully validated cell lines that can serve as models for human congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) and congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD). This will serve to provide valuable resources for a large number of investigators and to create a truly challenging test-bed for glycomics technology development. Another major new component of this TR&D is the inclusion of Dr. Richard Steet as co-investigator. Dr. Steet will bring his broad expertise in the area of congenital glycosylation disorders to this effort and will be primarily responsible for the biochemical validation of the resulting cell lines. Dr. Steet will also coordinate the interactions between many DBP collaborators and personnel within this TR&D.