Stereoscopic vision and patterns of binocular disparity

1.由于眼睛是分开的，所以在两个视网膜中，远离眼睛会聚的物体的图像在水平位置上不同。这些水平差异被局部检测以指示场景的3-D结构。图像在垂直方向上也不同，这取决于物体的偏心度和绝对距离。我们表明，垂直差异是在大范围内平均的，而不是局部处理的。垂直差异修改由水平差异创建的深度。我计划确定是修改所有水平差异，还是仅修改定义特定深度平面的水平差异。这一结果将首次表明这两种类型的视差在3D感知中是如何结合的。2.位于中线不同距离的物体引入了三种并发症。1)他们的图像落在大脑的相反半部分，所以视差检测需要通过连接两个半球的神经(胼胝体)来传递信息。2)图像拓扑结构混乱。3)图像具有较大的视差空间梯度。这三个因素使此类对象的视差和深度的检测变得复杂。我将分离这三个因素来揭示视觉系统是如何在孤立的情况下应对每一个困难的。

1. Because the eyes are separated, the images of objects away from where the eyes are converged differ in horizontal location in the two retinas. These horizontal disparities are detected locally to indicate the 3-D structure of scenes. Images also differ vertically, depending on the eccenticity and absolute distance of objects. We showed that vertical disparities are averaged over wide areas rather than processed locally. Vertical disparities modify depth created by horizontal disparities. I plan to determine whether all horizontal disparities are modified or only those that define a specific depth plane. The results will indicate for the first time how the two types of disparity are combined in 3-D perception.   2. Objects at different distances in the midline introduce three complications. 1) Their images fall in opposite halves of the brain, so that disparity detection requires information to be conveyed over nerves that connect the hemispheres (corpus callosum). 2) The images are topologically  disordered. 3) The images have a steep spatial gradient of disparity. These three factors complicate detection of disparity and depth for such objects. I will dissociate the three factors to reveal how the visual system copes with each difficulty in isolation.