Protection, Control and Optimal Operation of Microgrids with Renewable Generation

微电网是通过协调配电网一部分中分布式发电机（DG）、储能设备和可控负载的运行而形成的，使得其可以与电网并联运行或作为自治电力岛运行。微电网提供了一种有吸引力的结构，以整合基于可再生能源和节能技术的小规模发电，例如热电联产（CHP）发电和需求响应负载。然而，在实施微电网时遇到了一些技术挑战，特别是当发电来自间歇性来源时，例如风能和太阳能光伏（PV）。这些挑战包括在并联和孤岛运行模式下协调微电网中的故障保护;当发电机故障电流贡献有限时检测故障;孤岛微电网中能量存储和发电资源的最佳使用;以及控制发电和能量存储以确保干扰期间的电压和频率稳定性。

A microgrid is formed by coordinating the operation of distributed generators (DGs), energy storage devices, and controllable loads in a section of distribution grid so that it can operate in parallel with the grid or as an autonomous power island. Microgrids provide an attractive structure to integrate small-scale generation based on renewable energy resources and energy efficient technologies such as combined heat and power (CHP) generation, and demand responsive loads. However, there are several technical challenges encountered in implementation of microgrids, especially when the generation is from the intermittent sources such as wind and solar photovoltaic (PV). These challenges include coordination of the fault protection in microgrids during both parallel and islanded modes of operation; detection of faults when the generators have limited fault current contributions; optimal use of energy storage and generation resources in islanded microgrids; and control of generation and energy storage to ensure voltage and frequency stability during disturbances.