Wintering snow buntings as a monitoring tool for agricultural pesticides

越冬雪鹀作为农业农药的监测工具

• 批准号: 524099-2018
• 负责人: Love, Oliver
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Windsor
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Engage Grants Program
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=657987
• 关键词: Wintering; snow; buntings; monitoring; tool

In Canada, corn ranks as the third most valuable crop behind wheat and canola; however, Ontario and Québec**alone account for 91.9% of this production (statscan.gc.ca). Across this crop-type, regardless of geographic**location, similar insecticides and herbicides are sprayed to control pests and competitors, respectively. Until**recently, the effects of these pesticides were unknown, but mounting evidence suggests that there is moderate**toxicity in birds. It has also been suggested that these toxic effects are cumulative when birds are exposed**chronically, even at small biologically relevant levels.**Terre-Eau, inc. is a business operating in the Bas-Saint-Laurent and Gaspesie region of Quebec which works**with private farmers to advise them on both the utilization of renewable resources and the optimization of**farming practices to balance ecological needs. Terre-Eau recognizes that the farming of important crops, such**as corn, will continue migrating north, due to both increasing consumer demand and the effects of climate**change. As a result, Terre-Eau is aiming to gather data on the current effects of pesticides on birds that are**using these crop fields for habitat in order to include this information while consulting its clients.**Dr. Love's laboratory studies a model passerine species, the snow bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis), that forages**mostly on corn within these types of agricultural habitats during the winter. Also, although the species is not**currently threatened globally, recent estimates suggest that snow buntings have declined by over 60% in some**parts of Canada over the last 40 years. Therefore, this species could represent an ideal model species for our**industrial partner (TEI) to include in its consultation practices with farmers already or expecting to grow corn.**In this project, we will therefore test snow bunting tissues for the 3-4 pesticides most commonly used in corn**agriculture. These pesticides are atrazine, glyphosate, chlothianidin, and imidacloprid.

在加拿大，玉米是仅次于小麦和油菜的第三大最有价值的作物;然而，仅安大略和魁北克 ** 就占了这一产量的91.9%（statscan.gc.ca）。在这种作物类型中，无论地理位置如何，都分别喷洒类似的杀虫剂和除草剂来控制害虫和竞争对手。直到最近，这些杀虫剂的影响还不清楚，但越来越多的证据表明，鸟类中有中度毒性。还有人认为，当鸟类长期接触 ** 时，这些毒性效应是累积性的，即使是在生物学相关的小水平上。Terre-Eau公司是一家在魁北克的Bas-Saint-Laurent和Gaspesie地区经营的企业，与私人农民合作，就可再生资源的利用和优化农业实践提供建议，以平衡生态需求。Terre-Eau认识到，由于消费者需求的增加和气候变化的影响，玉米等重要作物的种植将继续向北迁移。因此，Terre-Eau的目标是收集有关农药对鸟类的当前影响的数据，这些鸟类 ** 将这些农田用作栖息地，以便在咨询客户时包括这些信息。洛夫博士的实验室研究了一种雀形目的模式物种，雪颊（Plectrophenax nivalis），它在冬季主要在这些类型的农业栖息地内觅食玉米。此外，尽管该物种目前在全球范围内没有受到威胁，但最近的估计表明，在过去的40年里，加拿大某些地区的雪颊鸟数量下降了60%以上。因此，该物种可能是我们 ** 工业合作伙伴（TEI）的理想模式物种，可纳入其与已经种植或期望种植玉米的农民的咨询实践中。因此，在这个项目中，我们将测试雪旗组织中最常用的3-4种农药在玉米 ** 农业中的使用。这些杀虫剂是阿特拉津、草甘膦、噻虫胺和吡虫啉。