Silicon quantum computing hardware in nanoscale CMOS

这个为期3年的项目的总体目标是利用经过验证的大规模生产的亚14纳米CMOS代工技术来开发量子计算所需的关键构建模块。这项工作将与这一领域的全球领导者，即加拿大的英特尔公司密切合作进行。拟议研究的预期成果包括利用耦合量子点方法对一组Si和SiGe电子和空穴耦合量子位进行原子级模拟、设计、制造和实验表征，沿着相关的超低温微波和毫米波模拟混合信号自旋操纵和自旋读出电子电路。与电子量子位并行，我们计划还首次提供在相同材料CMOS平台内生成光量子态并将其耦合到上述量子位的能力。这反过来又增强了这种量子计算架构的连通性，以便将来通过光子实现电子量子计算逻辑块之间的扩展范围互连。光学量子比特将基于纠缠和混合纠缠光子，这些光子具有可以与电子量子比特相互作用的能量，因此可以与电子量子比特耦合。目前，还没有实用的，集成的方式，光子可以产生和操纵电子Si qubits.The量子比特结构和相关的模拟混合信号电子电路提出了最大的长期（10年）在室温下运行在一个大容量CMOS类技术平台的机会。这将极大地改变量子计算领域，使人们有可能将一台具有当今最大超级计算机功能的移动的量子计算机放在每个人的口袋里，价格与今天的智能手机相当。

The overall objective of this 3-year long project is to utilize a proven, mass-production sub-14nm CMOS foundry technology to develop the critical building blocks required for quantum computing. This will be carried out in close collaboration with a global leader in the this field, namely Intel, in Canada. The expected outcomes of the proposed research include the atomic-level simulation, design, fabrication and experimental characterization of a set of Si and SiGe electron and hole coupled qubits utilizing the coupled quantum-dot approach, along with the associated ultra-low-temperature microwave and mm-wave analog-mixed-signal spin-manipulation and spin-readout electronic circuits. In parallel with the electronic qubits, we plan to also deliver, for the first time, the capabilities of generating and coupling optical quantum states to the aforementioned qubits within the same material CMOS platform. This, in turn, empowers the connectivity of this quantum computing architecture for future extended-range interconnection between the electronic quantum computing logic blocks through photons. The optical qubits will be based on entangled and hybrid entangled photons possessing energies that can interact, hence couple, with the electronic qubits. At present, there is no practical, integrated fashion by which photons can be generated and manipulated to interact with electronic Si qubits.The qubit structures and the associated analog-mixed-signal electronic circuits proposed here have the greatest long-term (10 years) chance of operation at room temperature in a large volume CMOS-like technology platform. This would dramatically revolutionize the field of quantum computing, making it possible to put a mobile quantum computer with the power of today's largest supercomputer in everyone's pocket and at the price of today's smartphones.