Development of a Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometer for Measurements of Trace Gases in the Polar Troposphere

北极环境正在经历快速变化，部分原因可能是人为原因。其中许多变化涉及与大气的相互作用，可能还涉及来自大气的反馈，因此研究和监测可能放大大气变化的过程尤为重要。海洋-冰-大气系统中的复杂交换过程经常影响重要的大气痕量气体的水平，如羟基自由基和臭氧，痕量物质也在阳光照射的积雪中进行光化学转化或产生。由于北极大气环流的变化在4-5年或更长时间内是周期性的，因此需要长时间的测量来了解环流并将观测到的变化放在长期的角度。这一提议将包括开发新一代多轴差分光学吸收光谱(MAX-DOAS)仪器，以连续测量北极重要痕量物种甲醛(HCHO)、亚硝酸(HONO)、一氧化氮(NO2)和卤素氧化物的浓度。该仪器将加强位于格陵兰冰盖海拔3100米的格陵兰首脑会议环境观测站(GEOSummit)正在进行的观测。GeOSummit目前是北极地区唯一一个进行大气和相关测量的高海拔站点。该提议具有强大的更广泛的影响，特别是在教育领域

The Arctic environment is undergoing rapid changes, possibly due in part to anthropogenic causes. A number of these changes involve interaction with, and possibly feedback from, the atmosphere, so it is particularly important to investigate and monitor processes that could amplify atmospheric change.Complex exchange processes in the ocean-ice-atmosphere system often influence the levels of important atmospheric trace gases, such as the hydroxyl radical and ozone, and trace species are also photochemically transformed or produced within the sunlit snowpack. Because changes in Arctic atmospheric circulation are cyclic over 4-5 year or longer times, long-duration measurements are needed to understand circulation and to place observed changes in a long-term perspective.This proposal will include the development of a new generation of multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) instruments to continually measure concentrations of the important trace species formaldehyde (HCHO), nitrous acid (HONO), nitric oxide (NO2), and halogen oxides in the Arctic. The instrument will augment ongoing observations at the Summit Greenland Environmental Observatory (GEOSummit), located at an elevation of 3100 m on the Greenland ice sheet. GEOSummit is currently the only high-altitude site for atmospheric and related measurements in the Arctic.The proposal has a strong broader impacts, especially in the area of education