Science Program Overview (SPO): Southern Andes - ANtarctic GRavity wave InitiAtive (SAANGRIA)

引力波（GWs）在大气深处延伸——在某些条件下垂直范围超过100公里，最明显的是在主要山脉之上——并体现振荡空气运动以及相关的热力学、化学、微物理和等离子体特性。它们是地球大气层最底层和最高层之间动量和其他形式能量的关键传播者。GWs也是飞机遭遇严重乱流的一个重要来源，在极地平流层云的形成中发挥作用，而极地平流层云反过来又有助于破坏臭氧，并系统地影响更大尺度的大气环流。为了响应南安第斯-南极重力波计划（SAANGRIA）项目提交的科学计划概述（SPO）文件，这项初步工作将侧重于协调潜在的SAANGRIA调查人员所需的旅行和有限的现场调查，以确定涉及研究飞机、支持地面观测和相关人员的合适地点。如果最终得到支持，SAANGRIA野外活动将追踪GWs从其在地形陡壁和活动斜压带的产生到其在中间层和热层的高空破裂。如果得到支持，SAANGRIA将利用NSF/NCAR GV飞机作为联合落差探空、原位和遥感测量GW产生、传播和耗散的平台。该项目的智力价值集中在推进我们对GW源和垂直耦合，GW不稳定性和相互作用，对南极臭氧的影响，以及GW调制传输和动量沉积对大尺度大气动力学的影响的理解。计划中的实地项目将产生更广泛的影响，包括培养研究生，增加多个研究机构和研究分支学科之间的合作和协调，提高对大气湍流和气流的理解和预测，以及相关的社会效益。

Gravity waves (GWs) extend through great atmospheric depths--under some conditions exceeding 100 km in vertical extent, most notably above major mountain ranges--and embody oscillatory air motions and associated thermodynamic, chemical, microphysical and plasma properties. They are key communicators of momentum and other forms of energy between the lowest and highest reaches of earth's atmosphere. GWs also constitute a significant source of severe turbulence encountered by aircraft, play a role in formation of polar stratospheric clouds that in-turn contribute to ozone destruction, and systematically influence the larger-scale atmospheric circulation. In response to a submitted Scientific Program Overview (SPO) document for the Southern Andes - Antarctic Gravity wave InitiAtive (SAANGRIA) project, this preliminary effort will focus on travel required for coordination of potential SAANGRIA investigators and limited site surveys needed to identify suitable location(s) for operations involving research aircraft, supporting surface-based observations and associated personnel. If ultimately supported, the SAANGRIA field campaign will trace GWs from their generation above orographic escarpments and within active baroclinic zones to their high-altitude breakdown in the mesosphere and thermosphere.If supported, SAANGRIA will utilize the NSF/NCAR GV aircraft as a platform for combined dropsonde, in situ and remote-sensing measurements of GW generation, propagation and dissipation. The project's intellectual merit is centered on advancing our understanding of GW sources and vertical coupling, GW instabilities and interactions, impacts on Antarctic ozone, and impacts of GW-modulated transport and deposition of momentum on large-scale atmospheric dynamics. Broader impacts of the planned field program will include training of graduate students, increased collaboration and coordination among multiple research agencies and research subdisciplines, improved understanding and forecasts of atmospheric turbulence and airflow, and associated societal benefits.