Functional nanoparticle arrays produced by dewetting of thin metallic films

单分散纳米颗粒在大面积上的精确几何排列在能源技术、超材料、等离子体、传感器、DNA检测以及有序纳米线和纳米管生长的催化等技术领域具有巨大的应用潜力。薄膜的脱湿作为一种自组织的简单过程，对于大规模制备有序的纳米颗粒阵列是非常有趣的。本项目将解决对脱湿过程理解上的不足，特别是对薄多层的脱湿过程的理解。主要的一点是基板的详细纳米结构，允许分离和工艺设计。策略将被制定导致一个完美的单分散纳米颗粒阵列二维排序的能力。在此基础上，将研究二维纳米颗粒阵列中的相互作用，并研究如何实现远远超出单个纳米颗粒的功能。此外，作为一种新的研究方法，本文还对双层和多层膜的脱湿进行了研究。预计会出现全新的效应和热力学平衡的偏离。研究了双层脱湿后纳米合金的形成及纳米分离效果。研究了它们的性质及其潜在的新应用。

The exact geometric arrangement of monodisperse nanoparticles over large areas has an enormous potential for applications in technical areas like in energy technology, metamaterials, plasmonics, sensorics, DNA detection, and catalysis for ordered nanowire and nanotube growth. Dewetting of thin films as a self-organized simple process is very interesting for the preparation of ordered nanoparticle arrays on a large scale. Deficiencies in the understanding of the dewetting process especially for thin multilayers will be solved in this project. A major point is the detailed nanostructuring of the substrates, allowing the separation and the design of the processes. Strategies will be worked out leading to the ability of a perfect two-dimensional ordering of monodisperse nanoparticle arrays. With that the interactions in the 2D nanoparticle arrays will be studied and it will be investigated how functionalities can be achieved reaching far beyond that of single nanoparticles. In addition, as a new approach, also the dewetting of bi- and multilayer films is investigated. Completely new effects and deviations from thermodynamic equilibrium are expected. The formation of nanoalloys and the nanoseparation effects after dewetting of bi-layers is investigated. Their properties and their potential for new applications are investigated.