Physical analysis of interactions between wing wake and tailplane at high-speed stall conditions

在项目的第一阶段，研究了冲击诱导的机翼分离对串联机翼配置和通用XRF-1运输机配置的空气动力学和尾翼载荷的影响。这些研究包括对自助餐细胞繁殖的表征，并证明了尾翼载荷振荡与尾迹湍流波动的相关性。气动弹性效应未被考虑，但它们的影响在风洞测量的气动谱中表现出来，与机翼特征模态相关。此外，XRF-1配置了超高涵道比（UHBR）通过短舱进行了类似于ETW风洞试验的研究。在测量和模拟中没有考虑排气射流。因此，在FOR 2895项目二期中，本子项目的目标是研究机翼结构振动对三维振动机制的影响，以及排气射流对尾迹与尾翼相互作用的影响。为此，进行了考虑排气射流的XRF-1配置的混合RANS/LES模拟。分析了其对分离拓扑和近尾迹的影响，确定了机翼上的振动与尾迹湍流的相关性在多大程度上发生了改变。此外，还研究了射流对尾翼和尾翼相互作用的影响程度。另外，将模拟中提取的流场数据作为TP5尾翼LES详细模拟的入流数据，并将模拟结果与TP5和TP1的详细模拟结果进行验证。采用施加振动的混合RANS/LES仿真，分析了结构振动对XRF-1和串联式机翼构型跨声速抖振主频率和传播特性的影响。此外，研究了振动对近尾迹的影响，确定了机翼上的振动与尾迹湍流的相关性是否改变，以及与振动的相关性在多大程度上存在。对于串列翼构型，分析了尾流的下游传播及其与尾平面的相互作用，得出了由结构振动引起的尾流特性差异对尾流尾平面相互作用的影响程度。对于XRF-1的尾迹研究，将利用模拟提取的流场数据作为TP5串联翼尾翼LES详细模拟的流入数据，并结合Trisonik风洞（TP6）和ETW的测量数据对模拟结果进行验证。

In the first project phase, the influence of the shock-induced separation from the wing on the aerodynamics and loads of the tail plane was investigated for a tandem wing configuration and for the generic XRF-1 transport aircraft configuration. These studies included the characterization of buffet cell propagation and demonstrated the correlation of tail plane load oscillations with turbulent fluctuations in the wake. Aeroelastic effects were not considered, but their impact showed up in the aerodynamic spectra of the wind tunnel measurements, correlating with wing Eigen modes. Furthermore, the XRF-1 configuration with Ultra-High Bypass-Ratio (UHBR) flow-through nacelle was investigated similar to the wind tunnel tests in ETW. An exhaust jet was not considered in the measurements and simulations. Therefore, the goal of this subproject in the second project phase of the FOR 2895 is the investigation of the influence of vibrations of the wing structure on the 3D buffet mechanism and of the influence of an exhaust jet on the interaction of the wake with the tail plane. For this purpose, hybrid RANS/LES simulations of the XRF-1 configuration considering the exhaust jet are performed. Its influence on the separation topology and the near wake is analyzed, and it is determined to what extent the correlation between the buffet on the wing and the turbulence in the wake is altered. Furthermore, it is investigated to which degree the interaction between wake and tail is influenced by the jet. Flow field data extracted from the simulations will additionally be used as inflow data for LES detail simulations of the tail plane in TP5, and the simulation results will be validated with results of the detail simulations from TP5 and TP1. The influence of structural vibrations on the dominant frequencies and propagation characteristics of transonic buffet is analyzed on the XRF-1 and tandem wing configuration using hybrid RANS/LES simulations with imposed vibrations. Furthermore, the influence of the vibrations on the near wake is investigated, and it is determined whether the correlation between the buffet on the wing and the turbulence in the wake is changed, and to what extent a correlation with the vibrations exists. For the tandem wing configuration, the downstream propagation of the wake and its interaction with the tail plane is also analyzed, and it is worked out to which degree the differences in the characteristics of the wake, which are caused by the structural vibrations, have an effect on the wake tail plane interactions. As for the wake investigations on the XRF-1, flow field data extracted from the simulations will be used as inflow data for LES detail simulations of the tail plane of the Tandem wing in TP5, and the simulation results will be validated with these data as well as with measurement data from the Trisonik Wind Tunnel (TP6) and ETW.