Nutrients in diet on the gonadal muturation of prawn

1.投喂日本对虾甲醇水溶物的日本对虾的性腺指数(GSI)高于对照组。通过两个试验研究了半纯饲料中不同脂肪含量对日本对虾性腺发育的影响。实验结果表明：(1)磷脂(PL)来源为磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、磷脂酰肌醇(PI)和磷脂酰胆碱(PC)；(2)n-3高度不饱和脂肪酸(n-3HUFA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)。饲喂未添加磷脂饲料的对虾性腺发育显著降低(p&lt；0.05)。卵巢的磷脂模式反映了磷脂饲料的磷脂模式，PE、PI和PC组的PE、PI和PC分别较高。此外，在对虾卵巢中，添加PE、PI和PC的饲料中n-3HUFA的总百分比高于缺乏PL的饲料。添加EPA+DHA导致的GSI高于单独添加EPA或DHA。DHA对GSI的影响大于EPA，卵巢、肝胰腺和肌肉的脂肪酸组成反映了日粮的脂肪酸组成。通过饲养试验，研究了分级添加维生素A和维生素E对库鲁玛对虾卵巢发育的影响。结果表明，补充维生素A和维生素E对提高消融雌性日本对虾的GSI是必要的，维生素A 15 mg/100g饲料和维生素E 50 mg/100g饲料是足够的。

1. Gonadosomatic index (GSI) of kuruma prawn, Penaeus japonicus, fed the methanol-water soluble fraction from shortnecked clam was higher than control diet.2. Two experiments were conducted to determine the influence of dietary lipids in semi-purified diets on the gonadal development of P.japonicus. The specific lipids that were tested were : (1) phospholipid (PL) sources phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) ; and (2), n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFA) eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA).In the first experiment, results showed that all three phospholipids-PE,PI and PC has similar effects (P>0.05) in promoting gonadal development of ablated P.japonicus. The prawns fed phospholipid-unsupplemented diet had significantly reduced (p<0.05) gonadal development. The phospholipid pattern of the ovaries reflected those of the phospholipid diets ; PE,PI and PC were higher in PE,PI and PC diets, respectively. Moreover, in the prawn ovaries, the total percentage of n-3 HUFA was higher in PE,PI and PC-supplemented diets than that of the PL-deficient diet.Supplementation of EPA+DHA resulted in higher GSI compared to either EPA or DHA alone. Singly, DHA had a stronger influence on GSI than EPA.The ovarian, hepatopancreatic and muscle fatty acid composition reflected that fatty acid profile of the dietary treatments.3. A feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing graded concentration of vitamins A and E on the ovarian development of kuruma prawn. The results showed the essentiality of supplemental vitamins A and E for increasing GSI of ablated female P.japonicus and 15mg of vitamin A/100g diet and 50mg of vitamin E/100g diet are sufficient for this purpose.