Epidemiological Studies on Mutagenicity of Human Bile

用Ames试验检测蓝色人造丝处理后人胆汁的致突变性。在本研究中。两个主要的研究项目已经进行了两年。一是分析从新泻和高知收集的胆汁的致突变性，这两个地方的胆囊癌死亡率分别是日本最高和最低的。另一种是比较日本胆汁和智利特穆科胆汁的致突变活性。在第一次调查中，分别从新泻和高知采集了52份和59份胆汁样本。用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA98和S9混合物对胆汁蓝色人造丝提取物进行Ames试验，检测52份高危人群样品中有32份(61.5%)具有致突变性。在我们之前的研究中，在24个样本中有14个(58.3%)观察到了突变。将这一数据与本研究的结果相结合后，76个样本中有46个(60.5%)显示出致突变性。另一方面，在从低危人群采集的59份样本中，只有7份(11.9%)检测到致突变性。因此，我们发现胆汁的致突变性存在显著的地域差异。在第二次调查中，胆汁样本仅采集于女性胆石症患者。在智利特穆科的24份胆汁样本中，有20份(83.3%)显示出致突变性。在日本胆汁中，新泻和高知分别有21例(80.8%)和5例(19.2%)具有致突变性。虽然新泻样品的诱变活性与智利的特穆科没有区别，但代表诱变能力的回复菌落数量在新泻低于特鲁莫；62(]sy.+-.])14比128(]sy.+-.])92(平均(]sy.+-.])S.D.不管回复菌落的平均数量有何差异，三组的诱变活性都随着年龄的增长而增加。

The mutagenicity of human bile was investigated in the Ames test after blue rayon treatment. In the present study. Two main research projects have been undertaken for two years. One is to analyze the mutagenicity of bile collected from Niigata and Kochi, where the mortalities from the gallbladder cancer are the highest and the lowest in Japan, respectively. The other is compara the mutagenic activities of Japanese bile with those from Temuco, Chile, where the mortality from the gallbladder cancer has been the highest in the world.In the first investigation, 52 and 59 bile samples were collected from Niigata and Kochi. Mutagenicity of blue rayon extracts of bile juice was detected by Ames assay with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 with S9mix.Thirty-two (61.5%) of 52 samples obtained from the high risk population were mutagenic. In our previous study, the mutagenicity was observed in 14 (58.3%) of 24 samples. After combining this data with the results of the present study, 46 (60.5%) of 76 samples revealed the mutagenicity. On the other hand, the mutagenicity was detected in only 7 (11.9%) of 59 samples collected from the low risk population. Therefore, we found a significantgeographical difference in the bile mutagenicity.In the second investigation, bile samples were collected only from the female patients with cholelithiasis. Of 24 bile samples in Temuco, Chile, 20 (83.3%) showed the mutagenicity. In the case of Japanese bile, 21 (80.8%) of 26 and 5 (19.2%) of 26 were mutagenic in Niigata and Kochi, respectively. Although the mutagenic activity of Niigata samples does not differ from that of Temuco, Chile, the number of revertant colonies, which stands for the mutagenic power, is lower in Niigata than Trmuco ; 62(]SY.+-.])14 vs 128 (]SY.+-.])92 (mean(]SY.+-.])S.D.). Regardless of the differences in the average numbers of revertant colonies, mutagenic activity increased with age all in the three groups.