Comparative Gender Analysis of "New Economy" : Service and Information in The Aged Society

这项研究的目的是调查日本家庭护理人员有效履行职责所需的专业技能和知识。研究结果表明，这些技能包括为客户提供良好服务的技术技能；家务技能、身体护理技能和处理痴呆症患者所需的技能，但也包括间接技能和知识，如理解自己和客户的情绪并有效地反映在他们的服务中，即使是与难相处的客户也能有效地沟通，管理他们对客户的负面情绪，以及建立和维护良好的客户关系。这些技能和知识主要是通过在职培训获得的，但也与个别家庭护理工作者的学习技能密切相关：他们从经验中学习的能力越强，他们拥有和发展这些技能的能力就越强。此外，如果他们的组织为他们提供发展自己技能的机会，并保持一种鼓励相互学习的文化，这些技能和知识就可以得到加强。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the professional skills and knowledge necessary for the Japanese home-care workers to perform their duty effectively. Findings suggest that these include the technical skills to provide good service to the clients; household-task skills, physical care skills and the skills necessary to deal with the clients with dementia problems, but also indirect skills and knowledge such as to understand their own and clients' emotions and reflect these e6ffectively on their services, communicate effectively even with difficult clients, manage their negative emotions against clients, and construct and maintain good relations with clients. These skills and knowledge are mainly gained through on-the job trainings, but also significantly related to the learning skills of individual home-care workers: the more capable they are to learn from their experiences, the greater they possess and develop these skills. Also, if their organizations provide the opportunities for them to develop their own skills and retain a culture to encourage learning from each other, these skills and knowledge can be enhanced.