The Study on Analysis of Urban Growth in Terms of Financial Functions in Japan

本文的目的是从金融功能的角度阐明日本龙头城市的发展机制。综上所述，本研究的主要观点如下：首先，在由大都市区的大核心城市和次中心城市、区域中心城市、地省会城市和地方中心城市组成的龙头城市群中，也存在着等级结构。从金融功能和城市增长的角度来看，1960年日本的城市体系呈现出东京和大阪的两极结构。但自1970年以来，以名古屋大都市区的成长为背景，结构发生了转型，形成了一种三极结构，金融功能对都市圈转型的影响也就顺理成章地产生了。在…上在大都市区的城市化进程中，随着郊区化的推进，郊区城市的财政存款首先增加。然后，由于郊区城市的自治性，贷款规模在第二阶段增长，贷存比上升。但是，与人口郊区化相比，金融功能的郊区化呈现滞后趋势。第四，金融功能也受到国民经济的影响。在1960-90年的经济繁荣时期，贷存比在全国范围内呈平坦分布。但是，在1997年经济萧条年，资金向东京都集聚，单极结构加剧。第五，由于金融贷款功能与经济核心功能(如总行功能)的密切联系，金融贷款功能集中分布在一些有限的大城市、区域性城市或地方中心城市。在第六点上，从人口、财政存贷款三个指标对城市发展进行分析，结果表明，财政存贷款集中度高于人口集中度。因此，我们可以理解金融功能对于分析城市发展的重要性。最后一点是，我们在以往的研究中发现，在经济低迷时期，金融贷款功能总是集中在一些有限的城市。而在本研究中，我们发现1997年大萧条时期，东京的财政存款也存在同样的集中趋势。较少

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the development mechanism of leading cities in terms of financial functions in Japan. In conclusion, we can summarize the main points that have been made in this research as follows.For one thing, in the group of leading cities being composed of the large core cities and second central cities of metropolitan regions, regional central cities, prefectural capital cities and local central cities, there also exists a hierarchical structure. Furthermore, this group can be defined as an urban system if we take the funds flow into account.What is more, the national urban system presented two-pole-structure of Tokyo and Osaka in 1960 from the viewpoints of both financial function and urban growth. But since 1970, the structure transformed and a kind of three-pole-structure has been established with the background of the growth of Nagoya Metropolitan.Then, as a matter of course, the financial functions affect the transformation of metropolitan region. On … More the urbanization process of metropolitan region, with the proceeding of suburbanization, the financial deposit of suburban cities increases firstly. Then, as a result of autonomy of suburban cities, amount of loan grows up on the second step, and the rate of loan to deposit rises. But, compared with the suburbanization of population, the suburbanization of financial functions presented a lagging trend.Fourthly, the financial functions are also affected by the national economy. In the economic boom period of 1960 to 90, the rate of loan to deposit presented a nationwide flat distribution. But, in the depression year of 1997, funds were gathered to Tokyo Metropolitan region, and the one-pole-structure was intensified.Fifthly, by the reason of the existence of the close relationship between financial loan function and economic nucleus functions (such as the head office function), the financial loan function shows a concentrated distribution within some limited large cities, regional cities or local central cities. Therefore, Tokyo has been keeping a higher situation on the aspect of financial loan function.On the sixth point, as a result of the analysis of urban development by the 3 indicators of population, financial deposit and loan, the concentration of financial deposit and loan is more intensive than that of population. Thus, we can understand how importantly the financial functions act for the analysis of urban development.One final point is that, we found in previous researches that the financial loan functions always concentrated in some limited cities in the economic depression period. And in this research, we found the same concentration trend of financial deposit also exited within Tokyo in the depression period of 1997. Less