The Characteristics Analyzes of Marine Fire Spread Phenomena and an Evaluation Method for the Fire Protection Systems of the Light Weight Vessels

船舶发生自发性火灾时，应当保证船上人员安全撤离和船员进行灭火活动的足够时间。火灾蔓延预防设计将被开发以充分考虑不断增加的轻质船舶的需求，例如由铝合金制成的高速船，当暴露于海洋单元火灾的高温时，其非常容易发生破裂。应立即确定此类设计的性能评估，特别强调防火隔板、舱壁和天花板的完美设计。(1)本文利用给出燃烧特性的数学模型，研究了轻质容器隔板和构件上的破裂和破孔加强了单元火蔓延现象的临界条件和特性。通过数值计算结果，阐明了火灾临界蔓延条件与构件破坏点、防火保温层厚度和火灾荷载等控制因素之间的关系。(2)通过管理工程的方法，将模糊测度应用于优选准则，提出了一种消防系统选择的评价方法。第一种评价方法是对备选方案的优点进行评价，第二种评价方法是选择缺点最少的方案。

In the event of a spontaneous outbread of fire in a ship, it is necessary to secure sufficient time for the safe evacuation of the personnel on board and for the crew to engage in fire extinguishing activities. Fire spread prevention designs are to be developed to sufficiently take care of the requirements of an ever increasing number of light weight vessels, such as high speed crafts made by aluminum alloys, which are highly prone to develop ruptures when exposed to the high temperature of marine cell fire. The performance assessment of such designs should be settled down immediately, with special emphasis on the faultless design of fire preventive partitions, bulkheads and ceilings.(1) We make an investigation of the threshold conditions and characteristics of the problem of the spread phenomena of cell fires enhanced by ruptures and holes broke open on the partitions and structural members on light weight vessels by using a mathematical model which gives the combustion characteristics. The relationships between the critical fire spread conditions and the governing factors which are, the point of rupture of structural member, the thickness of the fire preventive insulation and the fire load, are clarified through the results of the numerical calculations.(2) An evaluation method for the choice of fire protection systems is proposed through the technique of management engineering applying the fuzzy measure to a preference criterion developed. The first method of evaluation makes a judgment on the substitutive items of their good points under evaluation and the second method of evaluation chooses the plan that has the least number of weak points.