Molecular Epidemiological Studies on Diarrheal Viruses (Comparison between Countries)

在日本和亚洲，已经完成了对炭疽病毒的新诊断方法和对病毒的流行病学研究。我们建立了乳胶凝集试验、磁珠-RT PCR和酶免疫分析法检测星状病毒以及轮状病毒和腺病毒。我们可能有机会使用针对诺瓦克样病毒的抗体。此外，RT-PCR方法用于星状病毒和诺瓦克样病毒的小样本。1995 ~ 1996年冬季门诊散发小圆结构性弧菌。它们也是从牡蛎中发现的。临床上主要表现为呼吸道感染、惊厥、呕吐等。PCR产物的遗传分析可以了解轮状病毒血清型间和血清型内的同源性和变异性。特别是在血清3型内识别特异性点突变。近年来，血清型1在亚洲占优势，而血清型2、3和4 ...更多信息 在小种群中也有发现。在约十分之一的轮状病毒中检测到腺病毒血清型40和41。对不同国家特定地区的纤维区进行了遗传分析，不仅开发了新的诊断方法，而且进行了分子流行病学研究。分析血清型1至7中的衣壳区。不同血清型的分子大小不同。N端与C端相比，在血清型中更为相似。血清1、3、6型亲缘关系较近，血清2、4、5、7型亲缘关系较近。血清型1在日本和欧洲占优势。动物星状病毒与人类星状病毒有很大不同。在5-10%的登革热病毒中也发现了诺瓦克样病毒。雪山组在排序上占优势。在日本和亚洲也发现了类似的结果，我们认为这三年的研究为新的病毒研究做出了重要贡献。少

New methods of diagnosis on diarrheal viruses and epidemiological studies on the viruses in Japan and Asia have been done. We developed latex agglutination test, magnetic beads-RT PCR and enzyme immunoassay for astroviruses in addition to rotaviruses and adenoviruses. We could have chance to use antibodies against Norwalk-like viruses. In addition, RT-PCR methods was used for astrovirus and Norwalk-like viruses from small samples. Small round structured vurises spread in outpatient clinics sporadically in winter time of 1995-1996. They were also found from Oyster. Clinically respiratory infection, convulsion, exanthema and others were recognized. Genetic analyzes of PCR products made possible to know the homologies and variations in inter- and intra-serotypes.Intra-serotype variations of rotaviruses were examined in Asia in different years. The specific point mutations were recognized especially in intra-serotype 3. Serotype 1 is predominant in Asia recently, however serotype 2,3 and 4 … More were also found in small populations. Serotype 40 and 41 of adenoviruses were detected in about one tenth of rotaviruses. Genetic analyzes of the fiber regions changed at the specific regions in different countries.Not only development of new methods to diagnosis of astroviruses, but also molecular epidemiological studies have been done. The capsid regions in serotype 1 to 7 were analyzed. The moleculr sizes were different in the different serotypes. N terminus was more similar in serotypes in comparison of those if C terminus. Serotypes 1,3 and 6 were close relationship, while, serotype 2,4,5 and 7 were close. Serotype 1 was dominant in Japan and Europe. Animal astroviruses were quite different from human astroviruses. Norwalk-like viruses were also found in 5-10% of diarrheal viruses. Snow mountain groups was predominant by sequencing. Norwalk group and Sapporo groups were also found. These results were same in Japan and in Asia.We believe that the three years' studies deeply contributed to new research on diarrheal viruses. Less