Molecular epidemiological study of diarrheal viruses (international comparison)

腹泻病毒引起的婴儿道德问题是发展中国家的一个重要问题。需要早期诊断和治疗。分子流行病学研究对于了解病毒的出现和再出现至关重要。(1)研制了星状病毒（AV）乳胶试剂用于临床粪便标本诊断。设计AV-RT-PCR基因型（血清型）特异性引物。发展中国家以血清I型为主，北京地区以血清5型为主。(2)除东南亚地区外，亚洲地区以1型轮状病毒（RV）为主，9型轮状病毒（RV）呈上升趋势。近年来以2月和3月为主，而以前以12月和1月为主。即使在同一血清型中，它也可以分为亚型。在中国发现了重组RV。(3) PCR可诊断腺病毒，PCR产物用限制性内切酶测定血清型。(4) RT-PCR检测杯状病毒。几乎所有阳性样品均为G2。11月和12月以杯状病毒为主。(5)在硫酸哥伦比亚酸和可可色素中发现了抗轮状病毒药物。(6) RV疫苗是必要的，特别是在发展中国家。在本研究中，RV疫苗也被认为具有成本效益。这些研究是与北京、清迈、索尔、台北、美因茨、奥斯陆和日本的研究人员一起进行的。

Infantile morality due to diarrheal viruses is important problem in developing countries. Early diagnosis and treatment are desired. Molecular epidemiological study is essential to know emerging and re-emerging of the viruses. (1) Latex reagent was developed on astrovirus (AV) to diagnose clinical stool samples. Genotype (serotype) specific primers of AV-RT-PCR were designed and used for the samples. AV serotype I was predominant in developing countries while AV serotype 5-epidemic was recognized in Beijing. (2) Rotavirus (RV) serotype 1 has been major type in Asia except Soul, however RV serotype 9 has been increasing. The predominant months are Feb and March in recent years although it was Dec and Jan before. Even in a same serotype, it could be devided into subtypes. Reassortant RV was discovered in China. (3) Adenovirus could be diagnoed by PCR in addition serotype was determined with restriction enzyme on PCR products. (4) Calicivirus was diagnosed by RT-PCR. Almost all positive samples were G2. Calicivirus was predominant in Nov and Dec. (5) Anti-rotavirus agents were discovered in sulfated colominic acid and cacao pigment. (6) RV vaccine is necessary especially in developing countries. RV vaccine is recognized as cost effective in this research also.These studies were conducted with researchers in Beijing, Chiang Mai, Soul, Taipei, Mainz, Oslo and Japan.