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Molecular epidemiological research of maternal and child infection (mainly focused on blood and oral transmission)

母婴感染的分子流行病学研究（主要关注血液和口腔传播）

基本信息

批准号：
13576022
负责人：
USHIJIMA Hiroshi
金额：
$ 8.38万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We have been studying on molecular epidemiologies of diarrheal viruses, hepatitis viruses and HIV. We developed first the techniques of multiplex PCR and immunochromatography for detecting diarrheal viruses. We also designed specific primers to determine subtypes of those viruses by PCR. The samples were mainly collected from China, Thailand, Vietnam and Japan. Concerning to rotavirus, serotype 1 was the most predominant in the past, and then decreased suddenly in recent years. Meanwhile serotype 2, 3, 4 and 9 gradually increased. These findings clearly indicate that the serotypes have changed unexpectedly and the possibility of bigger outbreaks of rotavirus infection may occur in the near future. Besides rotavirus, adenovirus 41 was also highly responsible for viral diarrhea. Interestingly, unique subtype of adenovirus 41 was found in each country. Norovirus infections were identified in a wide range of these subjects in which Lordsdale strain of norovirus genogroup II prevailed. The epidemiological data of Norovirus infection in Thailand and Vietnam was firstly reported. Hepatitis B is the burden worldwide, especially in the developing countries. We studied the molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of hepatitis B virus in 10 countries. Our results underscore that the variants especially a deletion of pre S region play an important role in causing cirrhosis and liver cancer. Many questions. are still unveiled in HIV/AIDS. We are successful in designed the new primers in order to detect not only subtypes B and E of HIV-1 but also A and C. Taken together, our findings clearly show that data of molecular epidemiology are very necessary and helpful to construct vaccine as well as to set up a possible relation among viruses and environmental factors such as human beings, foods and climates. Based on this point of view, we will conduct our future research continuously

我们一直在研究腹泻病毒、肝炎病毒和艾滋病病毒的分子流行病学。我们首次开发了多重PCR和免疫层析检测腹泻病毒的技术。我们还设计了特异性引物，通过PCR确定这些病毒的亚型。样本主要来自中国、泰国、越南和日本。轮状病毒以血清1型为主，近年来呈下降趋势。2、3、4、9型逐渐增多。这些发现清楚地表明，血清型发生了意想不到的变化，在不久的将来可能发生更大的轮状病毒感染暴发。除轮状病毒外，腺病毒41也是病毒性腹泻的主要原因。有趣的是，在每个国家都发现了独特的腺病毒41亚型。诺如病毒感染在这些受试者的广泛范围内被发现，其中诺如病毒基因群II的洛兹代尔菌株盛行。首次报道了泰国和越南诺如病毒感染的流行病学资料。乙型肝炎是世界范围内的负担，特别是在发展中国家。我们研究了10个国家乙型肝炎病毒的分子流行病学和遗传多样性。我们的研究结果强调，变异，特别是前S区缺失在肝硬化和肝癌的发生中起重要作用。许多问题。在艾滋病毒/艾滋病中仍未被发现。我们成功地设计了新的引物，不仅可以检测HIV-1的B和E亚型，还可以检测A和c亚型。总之，我们的研究结果清楚地表明，分子流行病学数据对于构建疫苗以及建立病毒与人类、食物和气候等环境因素之间的可能关系是非常必要和有益的。基于这一观点，我们将继续进行我们未来的研究