Experimental social psychological study of group creativity

在这项研究中，我打算从社会心理学的角度来探讨增强群体创造力的条件。首先，提出了面向创造力的群体决策过程模型。在此框架下，笔者阐明了本研究将创意的“生成过程”作为群体创造力的基本过程。在回顾相关研究和发现后，发现群体过程本身对通过群体讨论产生创造性想法具有抑制作用。在此基础上，笔者进行了一系列的实验研究，得到了一些重要的新发现。他们如下。第一，成员之间的沟通不平衡的僵化和成员的相似性增加对群体创造力有抑制作用。第二，不同意见间的互动所引发的智力冲突比负面情绪冲突更能激发创意的闪现，进而提升群体创造力。第三，元知识如报告结果的对象、其他成员的信息和知识的程度等对促进和抑制两方面都有很强的影响。在结论部分，我对群体创造力研究的一些观点进行了讨论。首先，我证明了群体工程方法和群体过程的社会心理学研究之间的系统联系的重要性。第二，指出群体创造力研究更重要的任务是考察在不同成员的互动下，使智力冲突占主导地位的因素，而不是敌意。

In this study, I intended to investigate the conditions to enhance group creativity from social psychological viewpoint. First, I presented the process model of group decision making for creativity. Then, in this framing, I clarified that this study focused the "generation process" of creative ideas as the basic process of group creativity. After reviewing relational studies and findings, it was found that group processes themselves had inhibitory effects on generation of creative ideas through group discussion. And I argued that the effective and realistic way ti know the facilitative conditions for group creativity was making the inhibitory factors more clear, then developing the strategies to overcome.On the basis of arguments above, I conducted a series of experiments and got some important and new findings. They were as below. First, unbalanced stiffening of communication among members and increasing similarities of members had inhibitory influences on group creativity. Second, interaction of diverse opinions caused intellectual conflict stimulating a flash of a creative idea more than negative emotional conflict as hostility, then enhanced group creativity. Third, Metaknowledge such as, objects to report the fruit and the extent of other members' information and knowledge, had strong influences for both sides of enhancement and inhibition.In the conclusion, I argued some perspectives for croup creativity study. First, I demonstrated the importance of systematic linkage between group engineering approach and social psychological study of group processes. Second, I pointed out that the more significant task for group creativity study was to examine the factors making intellectual conflict dominant rather than hostility under interaction of diverse members.