Population History of Hokkaido and Sakhalin-Origin of the Ainu and people of the Okhotsk culture-

对史前鄂霍次克文化（鄂霍次克人）人类遗骸的米制和非米制颅骨特征进行了研究，以寻找其亲缘关系的证据。鄂霍次克人的颅骨形态显示新石器时代或后来的北蒙古人的标准特征。多元分析表明，鄂霍次克人与北极民族或被称为“中亚群体”的内陆民族没有密切的关系，而是与阿穆尔河和库页岛的民族有密切的关系。然而，我们无法确定鄂霍次克人的具体祖先，因为在阿穆尔河和库页岛地区几乎没有发现史前人类骨骼遗骸。尽管颅骨计量学分析显示阿伊努人和鄂霍次克人之间存在相当大的差异，但非计量的颅骨差异表明，阿伊努人最初更接近鄂霍次克人，而不是其他北方蒙古人种，甚至在任何混合之前。

Metric and nonmetric cranial characters of human remains of the prehistoric Okhotsk culture (Okhotsk people) were investigated for evidence bearing on their affinities. The cranial morophology of the Okhotsk people shows standard characteristics of the Neolithic or later Northern Mongoloids. The multivariate analyzes suggested that the Okhotsk show close affinities not with the Arctic peoples or inland peoples called the 'Central Asian group', but with the peoples in the Amur and Sakhalin. We can not positively identify the specific ancestors of the Okhotsk people, however, because few prehistoric human skeletal remains have been recovered in the Amur and Sakhalin areas. Although the craniometric analysis showed a considerable difference between the Ainu and Okhotsk peoples, the nonmetric cranial variations suggested that the Ainu were originally closer to the Okhotsk than to other Northern Mongoloids even before any admixture.