Analysis of Human behavior in High-Tech Man-Machine Systems

本项目的目标是开发一种可应用于船舶导航任务风险分析的认知建模方法。本课题在过去的三年中取得了以下成果：(1)提出了一种认知任务分析的方法，并将其应用于一个基本的操纵任务，即所谓的航向跟踪任务。提出的方法是基于来自船舶导航员的眼动记录和言语协议以及操作和船舶运动日志的同步数据。基于上述认知过程，建立了航向跟踪任务的导航员模型。该模型描述了导航员的认知过程和操作状态之间的动态交互作用。它使用典型的任务概率和任务…来表示任务网络中的注意力分配模式，即眼睛-凝视转换更多的时间。使用与实验航段相同的场景进行模拟运行，验证了导航器模型的描述能力。(3)除了简单的航向跟踪任务外，还使用文(1)中提出的方法分析了与其他船舶的避碰实验航段。在分析结果的基础上，得出了航海者在避碰任务中的认知过程。并建立了原型认知模型。(4)在导航员模型中加入了估计操纵者操作时脑力负荷的功能。这一特征是基于导航员短期记忆中的状态轨迹。(5)本项目建立的导航员模型在PC平台上实现，具有交互式图形界面以及用于风险分析的特定分析功能。模拟的航迹图和导航员的精神状态可以显示在计算机屏幕上。模拟条件，如环境因素和导航员的个人因素，可通过界面改变。较少

The objectives of the present project is to develop a methodology on cognitive modeling which can be applied to risk analysis for the ship navigation tasks. The following outcomes were obtained by the present project for the last three years :(1) A methodology for cognitive task analysis was proposed and applied to a basic manoeuvring task, socalled course tracking task. The proposed method was based on synchronized data from eye-movement recordings and verbal protocols of ship navigators as well as operation and ship motion logs. From results of the task analysis, cognitive processes of a captain or a navigator could be acquired.(2) Based on the cognitive processes mentioned above, a navigator model was built for the course tracking task. The model describes a dynamic interaction between a navigator's cognitive processes and the states in manoeuvre. It represents attention allocation patterns, i.e., eye-gaze transitions, in a task network with a prototypical task probability and task … More time. The navigator model was validated its descriptive facility through some simulation runs using the identical scenarios to the experimental navigation sessions.(3) In addition to simple course tracking tasks, experimental sessions of collision avoidance with other ships were analyzed using the proposed method mentioned in (1). Based on the results of analysis, we elicited the navigator's cognitive processes during the collision avoidance task. A prototypical cognitive model was also built for this task.(4) A feature for estimating the navigator's mental workload in manoeuvring was equipped into the navigator model. This feature was based on the trace of the states in the navigator's short term memory.(5) The navigator model built by the present project, which was implemented on a PC platform, has an interactive graphical interface as well as with specific analytical features for the risk analysis. Simulated track plots and mental states of the navigator can be displayed on a computer screen. Simulation conditions such as environmental factors and the navigator's individual factors, which are changeable through the interface. Less