Typing of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus intermedius by pulsed -field gel electrophoresis, ribotyping, and random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis

本研究的目的是评价脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）、核糖分型、随机扩增多态性DNA （RAPD）和噬菌体分型对金黄色葡萄球菌、中间葡萄球菌和hyicus葡萄球菌的鉴别能力。根据动物物种（人、牛、鸡、猪和马）观察到特定的PFGE模式，表明基于遗传背景的生态变体可能存在于金黄色葡萄球菌中。2. 各国之间的PFGE模式存在一定差异（英国、比利时、保加利亚、阿根廷和日本的鸡中有金黄色葡萄球菌）。PFGE似乎是禽噬菌体群或禽特异性ecovar亚型菌株分型的有效方法。3. PFGE用于确定从患子宫炎的母马分离的15株MRSA的遗传关系。所有15个分离株均显示相同的PFGE模式，表明它们起源于单个克隆。4. 发生在同一家禽养殖场的金黄色葡萄球菌感染暴发涉及具有不同PFGE模式的金黄色葡萄球菌。5. 采用PFGE、核糖分型、RAPD和噬菌体分型等方法对水貂、狐狸、鸽子和狗的中间弧菌进行分型。根据不同的动物种类，观察到特定的PFGE模式，表明基于遗传背景的生态变异可能存在于中间草中。此外，利用核糖分型和RAPD分离这些菌株是可能的。PFGE似乎是一种对核型或噬菌体类型进行亚型分型的有用方法。PFGE和核糖分型可以用来区分中间葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。6. 马分离的猪链球菌菌株与猪、鸡分离的猪链球菌菌株在PFGE模式上存在一定偏差。结果表明，PFGE分析不仅可用于金黄色葡萄球菌、中间葡萄球菌和hyicus葡萄球菌的种或菌株鉴定，而且可用于流行病学和生态学研究。

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the discriminatory power of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), ribotyping, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and phage typing for differentiating of strains of S.aureus, S.intermedius and S.hyicus isolated from animals.1. Specific PFGE patterns were observed according to the animal species (human, cattle, chicken, pig and horse), suggesting that ecovars based on the genetic background may be present in S.aureus. 2. There were some differences in PFGE patterns among countries (S.aureus from chickens in England, Belgium, Bulgaria, Argentina and Japan). The PFGE appears to be a useful method for subtyping strains of avian phage groups or poultry specific ecovar. 3. PFGE was used to determine genetic relationships among 15 MRSA isolates from mares with metritis. All the 15 isolates showed the same PFGE pattern, suggesting that they have originated from a single clone. 4. The outbreak of S.aureus infection occurring on the same poultry farm involved S.aureus with different PFGE patterns. 5. Strains of S.intermedius from mink, foxes, pigeons and dogs were typed by PFGE,ribotyping, RAPD and phage typing. Specific PFGE patterns were observed according to the animal species, suggesting that ecovars based on the genetic background may be present in S.intermedius. Also, separation of these strains was possible when using ribotyping and RAPD.The PFGE appears to be a useful method for subtyping strains of ribotypes or phage types. The PFGE and ribotyping could be used to distinguish between S.intermedius and S.aureus. 6. Strains of S.hyicus isolated from horses showed some deviation from pig or chicken strains with respect to their PFGE patterns. We conclude that PFGE analysis is a useful tool not only for species or strain identification but also for epidemiologic or ecologic studies of S.aureus, S.intermedius and S.hyicus.