Influence of Movable Elements on Environment Cognition and Behavior

考虑到建筑建设和城市发展引起的环境变化对心理的影响，我们必须提前模拟拟议的环境，以检验我们的想法和概念是否如预期的那样起作用。首先，通过一系列实验，利用计算机图形学产生的视觉模拟，揭示了行人作为活动元素在指路中的作用。结果表明，街道上的人被用作认路的线索，他们具有两种功能。一种是积极的作用，即行人提供了有效的线索，帮助记住了主体所在的地方。另一种是消极的，即只依靠行人的存在记住一条路线的受试者在行人消失时迷路了，他们扮演的是视觉噪音，扰乱了对空间特征的记忆。第二，开发了一种新的模拟系统，用于测试移动元素对心理的影响，使用模拟和数字图像。在这个新的系统中，实时CG生成的行人、汽车等可移动元素叠加在一个比例模型空间的静态环境背景、视频图像上。并对该仿真系统进行了初步的性能测试。结果表明，可移动要素对空间评价和人们的行为有一定的影响。

Considering psychological impact of environmental changes caused by building construction and urban development, we have to simulate the proposed environment in advance to examine our ideas and concepts whether or not they work as expected.Firstly, an experiment was conducted to reveal effects of pedestrians as movable elements in wayfinding by a series of experiments, using visual simulation generated by computer graphics. The results showed that people on the street are used as a clue for wayfinding, and that they have two functions. One is a positive function that pedestrians provide an effective clue and help to memorize a place where the subject exists. Another is a negative one that a subject who memorizes a route depending only on existence of pedestrians loses the way when they disappear and they play as a visual noise, which disturbs memorizing spatial characteristics.Secondly, a new simulation system was developed to test psychological impact of movable elements, using both analogue and digital image. In this new system, such movable elements as pedestrians and cars produced by real-time CG are overlaid on the static environmental background, video image of a scale model space. A preliminary experiment was conducted to test the performance of the simulation system. The results indicate movable elements effects on spatial evaluation and people's behavior.