Biomedical measurement using confocal-differential-interference contrast microscope

诺玛斯基型差干涉对比显微镜广泛应用于半导体工业和生物医药领域。另一方面，激光共聚焦扫描显微镜在垂直方向上具有优异的分辨率。首先，我们研究了从差干涉显微镜图像中提取定量形状数据的方法。这是一种从微分干涉显微镜的两个或多个具有不同相位延迟的图像中提取样品定量形状数据的方法。当物体附近存在散射体时，这种影响可以被减小。人体皮肤组织的结构可以作为活体测量的一种应用来观察。此外，由于使用了两个或多个不同波长的光源，可以扩大测量范围，但传统干涉显微镜存在光程差大于波长时数据不确定度的问题。分析了共聚焦显微镜存在的问题，研究了相位调制型差示干涉显微镜技术的应用。用共聚焦显微镜观察弱相位物体时，在边缘处观察到识别或模糊线，成为边缘形状的假检测。来自边缘的衍射光的干涉似乎引起了这种效果。通过光学切片效应的传递函数（I-z特性）与成像系统的乘积分析了共聚焦显微镜的成像特性。因此，可以理解，在离焦的情况下，图像强度的峰值是在规定的空间频率下产生的，因此会发生边缘强调。在共聚焦显微镜中存在的误检可以用相位计量的微分干涉法进行校正。因此，我们有了一个新的指标来开发显微镜结合共聚焦和差示显微镜来测量生物医学样品。少

The Nomalski type differential interference contrast microscope is widely used in the field of the semiconductor industry and the biomedicine. On the other hand, a laser confocal scanning microscope is excellent in resolution in the vertical direction. First of all, we researched to take quantitative shape data from the differential interference microscope image. This is a method to extract quantitative shape data of the sample from two or more images with a different phase delay of the differential interference microscope. The influence was able to be decreased when a scatterer exist near the object by using this technique. The structure of the tissue of the human skin was able to be observed as an application to the living body measurement. Moreover, as the two or more light source with different wavelength was used, measurement range was able to be expanded though there was a problem that the uncertainty remained in the data when there was an optical path difference more than wavele … More ngth in a conventional interference microscope. In the next, the problem of the confocal microscope was analyzed, and the application of the technique of the phase modulation type differential interference microscope was researched. If the weak phase object is observed by the confocal microscope the discernment or the obscure lines is observed in the edge, and it becomes false-detection of edge shape. The interference of the diffraction light from the edge seems to cause in this effect. The image formation characteristic of the confocal microscope is analyzed by the product of the transfer function of the effect of optical sectioning (I-z characteristic) and the image formation system. Therefore, it has been understood that the peak of image strength is caused at a prescribed spatial frequency in case of the defocus, and the edge emphasis happens as a result. It has been understood that the false-detection in the confocal microscope is able to correct by applying the differentiation interference method which is the phase metrology. As a result, we have a new indicator to develop a microscope to combine confocal and differential microscope to measure a biomedical sample. Less