Development of molecular imaging of brain function by using multi-nuclei magnetic resonance method and its application to analysis of cerebral disorders

我们已经开发了多核磁共振成像（MRI）的方法来分析神经元的功能和病理条件。这些是;（1）锰增强MRI神经元激活成像（MEMRI）：该方法基于神经元激活过程中锰离子可与钙离子共同进入神经元细胞的理论;（2）磁共振技术，可显示脑内抗原抗体反应：首先，我们合成了与磁共振敏感材料（Fe，Mn）结合的大分子。然后，我们开发了这些材料在体外和体内系统的成像。(3)并将此方法应用于肿瘤细胞与抗肿瘤淋巴细胞特异性反应成像的基础研究。(4)二维磁共振波谱，通过它可以精确地分析各种脑代谢物。这是通过使用超快速MRI技术开发的。(4)传统MR技术的改进：（1）纤维跟踪成像 ...更多信息 （2）动脉自旋标记法灌注成像;（3）提高fMRI的灵敏度。MEMRI方法中，大鼠感觉区的神经元激活被清晰地显示在大鼠的足刺激中。该方法能清晰显示大鼠嗅格罗夫、视神经和放射线的纤维，并能清晰显示皮层的6个层次。MR图像可清楚显示大分子结合的Mn离子，也有可能显示含Fe离子的淋巴细胞。然而，它需要相对大量的离子。纤维追踪成像显示脑梗死例纤维中断。2D-MRS、2D-JPRESS和2D-COSY在3.0T临床MRI设备上开发。这些2D-MRS方法可以灵敏地检测脑代谢物。结论：多核MR方法是一种无创性脑功能检查的有效方法。由于MRI方法在评价脑功能和代谢方面仍有较多的技术手段，有待于进一步研究。少

We have developed multi-nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method for analysis of neuronal function and pathological conditions. Those are; (1) Neuronal activation imaging by using manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI): This method depends on the theory that Mn ion can enter into neuronal cell in conjunction with calcium ion during the neuronal activation; (2) Magnetic resonance technique which can visualize antigen-antibody reaction in the brain: First, we composed the macromolecule which is combined with magnetic resonance sensitive materials (Fe, Mn). Then, we developed the imaging of those material in vitro and in vivo systems. (3) Also we applied this method to the basic study for imaging of the specific reaction between tumor-cell and anti-tumor lymphocyte. (4) Two dimensional MR spectroscopy by which various brain metabolites can be analyzed precisely. This is developed by using ultra-fast MRI technique. (4) Improvement of conventional MR techniques such as; (1) Fiber tracking im … More aging method by using diffusion tensor images; (2) Perfusion imaging by using arterial spin tagging method, (3) Improvement of sensitivity of fMRI.In MEMRI method, neuronal activation of the sensory area is clearly demonstrated by the paw stimulation in rat. Fibers were clearly demonstrated in rat olfactory grove, optic nerve and radiation, and the six cortical layers were clearly demonstrated by this method. The macromolecule combined Mn ion is clearly demonstrated on MR images, and also there is a possibility of demonstrating lymphocyte containing Fe ion. However it requires a relatively large amount of ion. In fiber tracking imaging method, disconnection of fiber was demonstrated in cases of cerebral infarction. In 2D-MRS, 2D-JPRESS and 2D-COSY were developed on 3.0T clinical MRI devices. Brain metabolites were detected sensitively by those 2D-MRS method. In conclusion, the multi-nulcear MR methods are useful to examine the brain function non-invasively. Since there are still more techniques in MRI methods to evaluate the brain function and metabolism, further research should be continued. Less