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Development of Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Neuronal activity and its application to functional brain imaging

神经元活动磁共振成像的发展及其在脑功能成像中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
09557072
负责人：
NARUSE Shoji
金额：
$ 7.49万
依托单位：
Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09557072/
关键词：
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)MR spectroscopy Chemical shift Imaging (CSI)EPI Diffusion-weighted Imaging Perfusion Imaging Functional MRI (fMRI)Echo planar imaging (EPI)Brain function 拡張強調画像

项目摘要

We tried to develop the topographic imaging of neuronal activity by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques for applying to new functional brain mapping. The basic idea is to detect the water diffusion associated between the neuronal cell membrane during the neuronal electrical activity by the combination with microimaging and ultra-fast diffusion MR imaging. The research projects consisted of three parts. The first was to develop the technique of imaging of neuronal activity by using MRI method. The second was to apply this technique to study the experimental animals and to examine if this can be applied to the brain functional mapping. The third was to apply this technique to the clinical 1.5T MRI sacnner and to examine the possibility of human application. During initial two years, the study was focused on developing the hardware of experimental MRI machine (7.0 Unity INOVA300SWB, Varian, USA). Due to the cut of the budget, we could not get the ultra-super strong gradient … More coil (20Gause/cm). We developed the microimaging system using the conventional gradient coil (2Gaus/cm) and the imaging array processor which was newly intoduced. In addition to this study, we tried to make the microimaging array processor which was newly intoduced. In addition to this study, we tried to make the microimaging on the small experimental MRI system (Mrmics, Jyonan-Denshi, Tukuba) which works in the magnet of clinical MRI scanner. The pulse sequence we developed is based on the Echo Planar Imaging (EPI). Following the 90 degree pulse, diffusion probing gradients were applied before and after 180 degree preparation pulse and signal which affected by the diffusion of water across the neuronal cell membrane was detected. We could obtain the ultra-fast diffusion weighted microimage with matrices size of 10 mirometer each by using the conventional gradient. But so far, we could not get this kind of diffusion microimage on the experimental animal. The reason would be that the gradient strength is not enough to get more small matrix and more strong diffusion gradient power. Therefore, the ultra-super strong gradient which we initially required is essential to perform this kind of experiment. Also for the application to the clinical scanner, it requires the more strong gradient and more strong magnetic field such as 3.0T or 4.0T. Finally, we would like to stress that it will be possible to obtain the neuronal activity image by using MRI if we can get more powerful scanner. Less

我们尝试使用磁共振成像（MRI）技术开发神经元活动的地形成像，以应用于新的功能性大脑绘图。其基本思想是通过结合显微成像和超快扩散磁共振成像来检测神经元电活动期间神经元细胞膜之间相关的水扩散。研究项目由三部分组成。第一个是开发利用MRI方法对神经元活动进行成像的技术。第二个是应用这项技术来研究实验动物，并检查是否可以应用于大脑功能图谱。三是将该技术应用于临床1.5T MRI扫描仪，并考察其人体应用的可能性。最初两年，研究重点是开发实验性 MRI 机器的硬件（7.0 Unity INOVA300SWB，瓦里安，美国）。由于预算的削减，我们无法获得超强梯度线圈（20Gause/cm）。我们使用传统的梯度线圈（2Gaus/cm）和新推出的成像阵列处理器开发了显微成像系统。除了这项研究之外，我们还尝试制作了新推出的微成像阵列处理器。除了这项研究之外，我们还尝试在小型实验性 MRI 系统（Mrmics、Jyonan-Denshi、Tukuba）上进行显微成像，该系统在临床 MRI 扫描仪的磁体中工作。我们开发的脉冲序列基于回波平面成像 (EPI)。在 90 度脉冲之后，在 180 度准备脉冲之前和之后应用扩散探测梯度，并检测到受水穿过神经元细胞膜扩散影响的信号。利用常规梯度，我们可以获得矩阵尺寸为10微米的超快扩散加权显微图像。但到目前为止，我们还无法在实验动物身上获得这种扩散显微图像。原因是梯度强度不足以获得更小的矩阵和更强的扩散梯度力。因此，我们最初需要的超强梯度对于进行此类实验至关重要。同样对于临床扫描仪的应用，它需要更强的梯度和更强的磁场，例如3.0T或4.0T。最后，我们要强调的是，如果我们能得到更强大的扫描仪，那么通过MRI获得神经元活动图像将是可能的。较少的