Analysis of the mechanism of neuronal regeneration by using multi-nuclei magnetic resonance methods with molecular imaging of brain function

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We have developed multi-nuclear magnetic resonance method with molecular imaging for the analysis of neuronal function and regeneration as followings ; (1) Neuronal activation imaging by using manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) which is based on the theory that Mn2+ can enter into neuronal cell in conjunction with Ca2+ during the neuronal activation; This method could clearly demonstrate the neuronal activation of the sensory area in rat and the structure of neuronal fibers in rat olfactory grove, optic radiation and cortical layers. During the recovery period after experimental ischemia, the enhanced area by MEMRI corresponded to the GFAP-positive astroglia were observed in the peripheral region of the ischemic core, indicating the reactive astrogliosis. (2) Magnetic resonance technique which can visualize antigen-antibody reaction in the brain: The imaging of macromolecule combined with magnetic resonance sensitive materials (Fe, Gd) could be obtained in vitro, but it was difficult to apply this method to in vivo study. (3) We have developed 2D-MRS method on the clinical MRI scanner by using 2D-JPRESS and 2D-COSY methods. Brain metabolites were detected sensitively by 2D-MRS method. The multi-nuclear MR methods are useful to examine the brain function and neuronal regeneration non-invasively.