CORE IMMUN. LAB FOR ASSESS. OF AIDS VACCINES IN PRIMATES

SIV和HIV疫苗在灵长类动物中的保护作用 导致了对艾滋病保护性疫苗的谨慎乐观。至 将灵长类动物的发现转化为有效的艾滋病毒疫苗 人们，了解免疫反应提供了什么是至关重要的 保护和针对哪个抗原(S)免疫。然而， 评估灵长类动物的免疫反应是困难的，需要 灵长类中心通常没有专业知识，那里最好的 动物资源的位置。例如，MHC(主要组织相容性 复杂)配型是评估细胞毒性T淋巴细胞的关键 (CTL)反应，但试剂和专业知识有限。标准 评估细胞免疫反应的方案仍在进行中 发展起来的。动物用菌种中和病毒效果分析 挑战是有问题的，不同实验室的检测方法也不同。 此外，这些评估既耗时又费力。 将资源集中在一个集中的站点有望推动该领域的发展 快速，提供必要的数据来比较免疫反应 不同的疫苗可以产生，并将它们与保护联系起来。 NIAID合同支持的三个SIV疫苗评估单位(SIV VEU)是 目前参与SIV疫苗评估的：杜兰大学 三角洲地区灵长类研究中心，华盛顿地区灵长类 研究中心和TSI Mason研究所。此外, 获得有限数量的黑猩猩的资金是通过一项 与国家癌症研究所(NCI)达成的机构间协议。这个 黑猩猩被安置在新墨西哥州的NCI设施中 大学灵长类中心。这些协议仅提供有限的 免疫学评估。灵长类核心免疫学实验室 合同将调整、标准化和执行细胞和 猪瘟病毒免疫灵长类动物诱导的体液免疫应答 原型艾滋病疫苗在SIV VEU、黑猩猩单位和 其他临床前艾滋病疫苗试验，如由 NCI或美国陆军，如果需要的话。

The demonstration of protection by SIV and HIV vaccines in primates has led to cautious optimism for a protective vaccine against AIDS. To translate the findings from primates to an effective HIV vaccine in people, it is essential to understand what immune responses provide protection and against which antigen(s) immunity is directed. However, assessment of immune responses in primates is difficult and requires expertise generally not available at primate centers, where the best animal resources are located. For example, MHC (major histocompatibility complex) typing is essential for evaluation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses, but reagents and expertise have been limited. Standard protocols for assessment of cell-mediated immune responses are still being developed. Analysis of virus neutralization with stocks used for animal challenge is problematic and assays vary between laboratories. Furthermore, these assessments are time-consuming and labor-intensive. Focusing resources in a centralized site is expected to advance the field rapidly, providing the necessary data to compare the immune responses that different vaccines can produce and to correlate them with protection. Three NIAID contract-supported SIV Vaccine Evaluation Units (SIV VEUs) are currently involved in the SIV vaccine evaluations: the Tulane University Delta Regional Primate Research Center, the Washington Regional Primate Research Center, and the TSI Mason Research Institute. In addition, access to a limited number of chimpanzees has been funded through an Interagency Agreement with the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The chimpanzees are housed at the NCI facilities at the New Mexico State University Primate Center. These agreements provide only limited immunological evaluation. This Primate Core Immunology Laboratory contract will adapt, standardize, and perform assays for cellular and humoral immune responses induced in primates by immunization with prototype AIDS vaccines tested at the SIV VEUs, the Chimpanzee Unit, and other Preclinical AIDS Vaccine Trials, such as those being conducted by the NCI or the United States Army, if required.