DIAGNOSIS OF RESPIRATORY VIRUS INFECTION IN 24 HOURS BY SHELL VIAL CULTURE

呼吸道病毒感染的实验室诊断已成为 使用带壳小瓶作为培养物， 法病毒的免疫荧光检测与鉴定 壳瓶培养物中的抗原可以更早地诊断 感染和消除需要（发现与传统管 培养物）用于每日检查典型的细胞病变效应和 添加红细胞以检测血细胞吸附病毒。的 对呼吸道感染的壳瓶培养物染色的最佳时间 病毒尚未确定。在许多实验室，48小时染色 并且，如果阴性，再次在5天，被认为允许最多 灵敏的呼吸道病毒早期检测。然而，在这方面， 临床医生经常给实验室施加压力，要求更早地检测， 可以做出临床相关的决定。进行研究以 评估免疫荧光染色法在贝壳瓶中的应用价值 18至24小时的呼吸道病毒培养（与48小时相比， 小时），以便更快速地检测和报告阳性 临床标本 在18至24小时对壳体小瓶进行染色，可检测到71 呼吸道病毒阳性标本的百分比， 通常在48小时内不会被检测为阳性。这 更快地检测到病毒可以更早地进行干预， 流行病学服务和实施适当感染 控制措施。它还允许提前管理 可用的抗病毒化疗和预防。染色壳 在24小时的小瓶也允许早期检测劳斯肉瘤 快速抗原检测方法漏诊的病毒感染。 进一步的调查将确定是否染色外壳小瓶 3或4天的培养物足够敏感， 第五天。

Laboratory diagnosis of respiratory virus infections has become easier and more rapid with the use of shell vials as the culture method. Immunofluorescent detection and identification of viral antigens in shell vial cultures allow a much earlier diagnosis of infection and eliminates the need (found with conventional tube cultures) for daily inspection for typical cytopathic effect and for the addition of erythrocytes to detect hemadsorbing viruses. The most optimal times to stain shell vial cultures for respiratory viruses are undetermined. At many laboratories staining at 48 hours and, if negative, again at 5 days, is believed to allow the most sensitive early detection of a respiratory virus. However, clinicians often pressure laboratories for even earlier detection so clinically-relevant decisions can be made. A study was performed to assess the value of immunofluorescent staining of shell vial cultures for respiratory viruses at 18 to 24 hours (compared with 48 hours) to allow more rapid detection and reporting of positive clinical specimens. Staining of shell vials at 18 to 24 hours allowed detection of 71 percent of the specimens positive for a respiratory virus that would ordinarily not have been detected as positive until 48 hours. This more rapid detection of the virus permitted earlier intervention by the epidemiology service and implementation of appropriate infection control measures. It also allowed earlier administration of available antiviral chemotherapy and prophylaxis. Staining shell vials at 24 hours also permitted earlier detections of Rous sarcoma virus infection that were missed by rapid antigen detection methods. Further investigation will determine whether staining shell vial cultures at 3 or 4 days is sensitive enough to replace the stain at day 5.