ATTITUDES IN THE CONTEXT OF HIV PREVENTION

这份科学家发展奖的申请书描述了一个 艾滋病毒领域的跟踪和研究综合方案 预防。这些努力的目标是：(A)促进国际和平研究所 过渡到艾滋病毒预防研究；和(B)评估社会 HIV传播的心理基础对经济的影响 处境不利的男人和女人。拟议的培训将发展专业人员的 关于(A)艾滋病毒预防研究的知识，包括理论和 实际方面；(B)艾滋病毒/艾滋病更普遍地被认为(即 流行率、传播、病程、治疗)；(C)重要 经济困难人口的特征；和(D) 测量态度的特殊技术。拟议的研究将 检查与艾滋病毒相关的信念与已知行为的关系 有感染艾滋病毒的风险，特别是关注前后不一致的 避孕套的使用。第一项研究将涉及研究的荟萃分析。 将艾滋病毒相关的态度和信念与危险的性行为联系起来。一个 第二，原创性研究性研究将检验感觉的假说 关于避孕套使用(影响)在自发中预测避孕套的使用 情况比对使用避孕套的信念(认知)更好， 然而，在刻意的情况下，这种关系正好相反。刻意的 这种情况很可能包括与自己的固定伴侣发生性关系， 而自发的情况很可能包括与 偶尔有伴侣和/或在酒精或其他药物的影响下。 将招募大约100名个人来完成 他们关于高风险行为的知识的基线清单， 对艾滋病毒和艾滋病的态度、社会规范和既往性行为 行为。这些变量将在6周间隔后再次进行评估。 更有针对性的分析将分离出特定的情感和认知 区分低风险和高风险的态度维度 行为。第三项研究将直接检查干预措施 前述研究的影响。

This application for the Scientist Development Award describes a comprehensive program of trailing and research in the field of HIV prevention. The goal of these efforts is (a) to facilitate the PI's transition into HIV prevention research; and (b)to evaluate the social psychological underpinnings of HIV transmission for economically disadvantaged men and women. The proposed training will develop the PI's knowledge about (a) HIV prevention research, including theoretical, and practical aspects; (b) HIV/AIDS more generally considered (i.e., its prevalence, transmission, course, treatment); (c) important characteristics of economically disadvantaged populations; and (d) special techniques to measure attitudes. The proposed research will examine the relation of HIV-relevant beliefs to behaviors that are known to be at risk for HIV infection, particularly focusing on inconsistent condom usage. A first study will concern meta-analyses of studies relating HIV-related attitudes and beliefs to risky sexual behavior. A second, original research study will test the hypothesis that feelings about condom usage (affect) predict condom usage in spontaneous situations better than do beliefs (cognition) about using condoms, whereas this relation reverses in deliberate situations. Deliberate situations are likely to include intercourse with one's regular partner, whereas spontaneous situations are likely to include intercourse with occasional partners and/or under the influence of alcohol or other drugs. Approximately too-hundred individuals will be recruited to complete baseline inventories of their knowledge about high-risk behavior, attitudes toward HIV and AIDS, social norms, and previous sexual behavior. These variables will again be assessed after a 6-week interval. More focused analyses will isolate the particular affective and cognitive attitudinal dimensions that distinguish between low- and high-risk behavior. A third study will directly examine the intervention implications of the foregoing studies.