GENETIC MANAGEMENT OF CHIMPANZEE BREEDING AND RESEARCH

建立黑猩猩育种与研究中心的目的 计划（CBRP）育种殖民地是为了确保健康的稳定供应， 为未来的生物医学研究需求。基因管理 这些黑猩猩群体是实现这一目标的先决条件。 声音遗传学 管理需要遗传标记，这是必不可少的准确 谱系以及许多研究方案。因此，基因 管理必须开始于寻找信息丰富的新DNA标记， 利用它们进行亲子鉴定， 经过证实的系谱数据，但仍需要未来可能的研究需求 的理由：建筑由于基因管理不能有效地进行， 一个明确的研究工作，遗传管理活动将是 与定量遗传分析相结合， 现有的研究资源。在这些末端，人类短串联重复序列 (STR)将鉴定可使用PCR分型的DNA标记， 揭示了黑猩猩的信息多态性。这些标记将 用于亲子鉴定和血统确证，以及大型- 野生CBRP黑猩猩的DNA分型。这些数据将用于 来描述非洲出生的 CBRP育种群体的建立者，评估遗传程度， 五个CBRP菌落之间的分歧，制定菌落特异性 育种建议和身份更换育种。谱系数据 与DNA标记相证实的，也将用以下工具进行分析： 定量遗传学研究病毒性疾病的遗传基础。 合作研究将集中在遗传流行病学， 丙型肝炎是输血相关性肝炎最常见的原因 在美国超过240只黑猩猩已经被感染 HCV作为疫苗相关的早期免疫病毒学研究的一部分 发展我们将在合作中利用这些预先存在的数据 包括DNA分型、数量遗传学和免疫表型， 调查这种传染病的遗传流行病学， 从而充分发挥这些重要动物模型的研究价值。

The objective in establishing the Chimpanzee Breeding and Research Program (CBRP) breeding colonies was to insure a steady supply of healthy chimpazees for future biomedical research needs. Genetic management of these chimpanzee colonies is a prerequisite for this goal. Sound genetic management requires genetic markers, which are essential for accurate pedigrees as well as for many research protocols. Thus, genetic management must begin with a search for informative new DNA markers, utilize them in paternity testing and the generation of high-quality corroborated pedigree data, yet still take probable future research needs into account. Since genetic management cannot effectively proceed without an explicit research effort, genetic management activities will be integrated with quantitative genetic analyses designed to exploit pre- existing research resources. Toward these ends, human short tandem repeat (STR) DNA markers which can be typed using PCR will be identified which reveal informative polymorphisms in chimpanzees. These markers will be used for paternity testing and pedigree corroboration, and for large- scale DNA typing of wild-born CBRP chimpanzees. These data will be used to characterize the amount of genetic variability present in African-born founders of the CBRP breeding populations, evaluate the degree of genetic divergence among the five CBRP colonies, formulate colony-specific breeding advice and identity replacement breeders. Pedigree data corroborated with DNA markers will also be analyzed with the tools of quantitative genetics to study the genetic basis of viral disease. Collaborative research will focus on the genetic epidemiology of Hepatitis C, the most frequent cause of transfusion-associated hepatitis in the United States. Over 240 chimpanzees have already been infected with HCV as part of earlier immunovirological research related to vaccine development. We will utilize these pre-existing data in a collaboration involving DNA typing, quantitative genetics, and immunophenotyping to investigate the genetic epidemiology of this infectious disease and thereby fully exploit the research value of these essential animal models.