HORMONES IN CAUSE AND TREATMENT OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

拟议工作的所有方面都与甲状腺轴有关，提供 主题统一。运营凝聚力是通过参与和 申请人的领导力、他的经验和他对 师徒关系。 临床研究部分是由观察到的变化来指导的 甲状腺状况，尤其是甲状腺功能减退症，是很常见的，而且 认为这种变化，即使是轻微的，也可能损害中枢神经系统的功能。学习 一个是针对格雷夫斯病患者的，他们在 当甲亢时(因病)、当甲减时(从 放射性碘治疗)，以及当甲状腺功能正常时(通过激素替代)。在……里面 研究二检查了以下观念：来接受电击治疗的患者可能有 不经意间被选为亚临床甲状腺功能减退症；ECT因此 会不会造成“特殊”损害，因为它和甲状腺功能减退一样，会损害 记忆。服用甲状腺激素能保护他们吗？学习三步走 直接谈到亚临床甲状腺功能减退症的问题。它是什么？ 流行率？这类患者从甲状腺激素治疗中受益吗？ 研究四试图评估TRH将在多大程度上抵消 普通的镇静剂。在研究中，五名患有学习障碍的儿童 根据疾病的性质和严重程度以及微妙程度进行评估 甲状腺状态的变化。 建议进行四项动物研究，每一项都能引起共鸣。 临床研究。在研究一中，甲状腺激素在调节 测量脑神经元对钙的摄取。我们发现， 甲状腺功能减退症可减少去极化引起的钙摄取。在研究二中 大鼠酒精摄入量与甲状腺状态的复杂关系 包括对现在经典的临床发现的模拟， TSH钝化对应用TRH的反应。研究三考察了 包括常见镇静剂在内的精神药物对TRH结合的影响 在大脑里。研究四以脑摄取为因变量 甲状腺激素的神经元(参见上面的钙摄取)。毒品是如何 有影响吗？我们已经证实了德拉特曼的发现，去甲基利米- 扑热息痛会减少甲状腺激素的摄取。抗抑郁药会让大脑 甲状腺功能减退？

All aspects of the proposed work pertain to the thyroid axis,providing thematic unity. Operational cohesion is provided by the participation and leadership of the applicant, by his experience, and by his commitment to mentorship. Clinical studies are guided in part by the observation that changes in thyroid status,especially toward hypothyroidism, are common and by the notion that such changes, even when slight, may impair CNS function. Study One is addressed to patients with Graves' disease, who are assessed in several ways when hyperthyroid (from illness), when hypothyroid (from radioiodine treatment), and when euthyroid (from hormone replacement). In Study Two the notions are examined: that patients coming for ECT may have been inadvertently "selected" for subclinical hypothyroidism; that ECT thus does them "special" damage, because it, like hypothyroidism, impairs memory. Does administered thyroid hormone protect them? Study Three goes directly to the question of subclinical hypothyroidism. What is its prevalence? Do such patients profit from treatment with a thyroid hormone? Study Four seeks to assess the extent to which TRH will offset effects of common sedatives. In Study Five children with a learning disorder are assessed for the nature and severity of their disorder and for subtle changes in thyroid status. Four animal studies are proposed, each resonating with one or another clinical study. In Study One the role of thyroid hormones in regulating the uptake of calcium by brain neurons is measured. We have found that hypothyroidism reduces depolarization-induced calcium ptake. In Study Two the complex relationships in rats between alcohol intake and thyroid state are examined, including an analog of the now-classical clinical finding, TSH blunting in response to administered TRH. Study Three examines the effects of psychotropic drugs, including common sedatives, on TRH binding in brain. Study Four takes as its dependent variable the uptake by brain neurons of thyroid hormones (see uptake of calcium, above). How do drugs affect it? We have confirmed the finding of Dratman that desmethylimi- pramine reduces thyroxine uptake. Do antidepressants make the brain hypothyroid?