DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW PSYCHOMETRIC INSTRUMENT FOR ASSESSING DRUG CRAVINGS

渴望：药物渴望的概念是最突出的方面之一， 因为强烈的吸毒欲望被认为与 我们对维持吸毒行为的理解， 被认为是复发的主要特征该协议利用了一系列 问卷调查旨在评估自我报告的焦虑和渴望， 足够广泛，可以解决各种渴望理论， 表现出很高的可靠性。 文件和程序已经 与普渡大学的Steve Tiffany博士合作开发的 并基于对吸烟欲望和渴望的初步调查 作为认知反应，它们被平行激活，但与 自动化的吸毒行为。 到目前为止，已有225名受试者完成了 ARC Coplanar Craving Questionires（CCQ-NOW和CCQ-GEN）。 responses to 对CCQ-NOW和CCQ-General项目进行因子分析。 的 分析显示，至少存在四个重要因素， 每个版本。 结果支持的概念，愿望，规划和 意图，缺乏控制，预期积极的结果， 负性结果的缓解与负性情绪、频率有关 终身使用，以及对戒烟能力的信心。 这 表明，包含一个或几个项目的问卷， 对可卡因的渴望可能不够 采用海洛因渴求问卷（HCQ-NOW）对227名海洛因成瘾者进行调查 目前滥用海洛因的志愿者。 结果 目前正在分析中。 酒精渴望问卷（ACQ-NOW）正在对一名 试验组40名志愿者。

Craving: The concept of drug cravings is one of the most salient aspects of addiction because strong urges to use drugs is considered relevant to our understanding of the maintenance of drug using behavior and it is deemed a central feature to relapse. This protocol utilizes a series of questionnaires designed to assess self-reported urgings and cravings that are broad enough to address various craving theories and which have demonstrated high reliability. Questionnaires and procedures have been developed in collaboration with Dr. Steve Tiffany from Purdue University and are based upon initial investigations of smoking urges and cravings as cognitive responses that are activated in parallel, but separate from automatized drug use behavior. Thus far, 225 subjects have completed the ARC Cocaine Craving Questionnaires (CCQ-NOW and CCQ-GEN). Responses to the CCFQ-NOW and CCQ-General items were subject to factor analyses. The analyses revealed the presence of at least four non-trivial factors from each version. Results support the notion that desire, planning and intention, lack of control, and anticipation of positive outcome and relief from negative outcome are related to the negative moods, frequency of lifetime use, and confidence in ability to quit using cocaine. This suggests that questionnaires containing one or few items that addressed cocaine craving may be inadequate. A Heroin Craving Questionnaire (HCQ-NOW) version was administered to 227 volunteer subjects who were current abusers of heroin. Results are presently being analyzed. The Alcohol Craving Questionnaire (ACQ-NOW) is being administered to a pilot group of 40 volunteer subjects.