CHILDHOOD ONSET SCHIZOPHRENIA

符合DSM-III-R精神分裂症标准的儿童和青少年为 到目前为止，有11名受试者参与了这项研究 儿童期的现象学、神经生物学和药理学反应 首发精神分裂症。诊断的可靠性已经确立。一 150名儿童和青少年临床诊断为 精神分裂症已经通过医疗记录和46名患者进行了筛查， 有病历的精神分裂症似乎符合DSM-III-R标准 访问了12岁之前的精神病发病史 就个人而言。至少DSM-III-R诊断为精神分裂症的三个亚组 儿童是基于临床上的不同而被假设的 现象学。 飞行员家庭/遗传数据显示一个病例是家族性的，另一个是家族性的 受试者有染色体异常。自主神经测量平行成人 在脑干和[18]发现精神分裂症核磁共振异常。 氟-2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖(FDG)PET扫描显示代谢减少 在左侧海马区，没有额叶下部。安慰剂的安全性和有效性 这一年龄段的氯氮平是由8名受试者进行的公开试验建议的 以及七名受试者的双盲氟哌啶醇/氯氮平比较。 在地昔帕明和安慰剂的双盲比较中，患有 自闭症(n=24)对氯丙咪嗪有选择性反应 支持这种疾病的5-羟色胺能紊乱。

Children and adolescents meeting DSM-III-R criteria for schizophrenia are available and eleven subjects have participated to date in this study of the phenomenology, neurobiology and pharmacologic response of childhood onset schizophrenia. Diagnostic reliability has been established. One hundred fifty children and adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia have been screened by medical records and 46 patients, appearing to meet DSM-III-R criteria for schizophrenia with medical record history of onset of psychosis prior to age twelve were interviewed personally. At least three subgroups of DSM-III-R diagnosed schizophrenic children have been hypothesized based on differences in clinical phenomenology. Pilot family/genetic data indicate one case is familial and a second subject had a chromosomal aberration. Autonomic measures parallel adult schizophrenia MRI abnormalities have been found in the brainstem and [18] fluro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) PET scanning indicates decreased metabolism in the left hippocampus with no hypofrontality. Safety and efficacy of clozapine in this age group is suggested by an open trial in eight subjects and a double-blind haloperidol/clozapine comparison in seven subjects. In a double-blind comparison of desipramine and placebo, children with autistic (n=24) disorder show a selective response to clomipramine supporting a serotonergic disturbance in this disorder.