NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING

我们的工作集中在表征认知失败的各个方面 精神分裂症 我们特别尝试过： 1. 检查执行功能。 研究包括发展 类似于威斯康星州的卡片分类 新型延迟响应-延迟衰减型的研制与试验 任务 这两种测试都被设计用来作为认知激活器 在SPECT和PET研究中。 2. 去检查记忆功能。 研究包括检查 程序性与宣告性的区别，布朗的效用 Peterson/从主动干预范式中释放，列表学习， 内隐与外显学习，努力与自动处理。 3. 检查特异性。 我们在评估双胞胎的认知功能 不符合情感障碍，双胞胎不符合精神分裂症， 颞叶癫痫（在沃尔特里德），和创伤性脑损伤（在 NRH）。 4. 探讨认知与精神病理学的关系。 查普曼 快感缺乏、知觉偏差和魔法思维的量表提供了 确定大脑和大脑之间有意义关系的可能性 异常和心理异常。 5. 研究认知增强策略。 我们研究的 安非他明对额叶任务的影响，并开始试验 促智药吡拉西坦 对记忆力的抗胆碱能作用的研究也在 正在进行中 6. 研究基底神经节功能、认知功能和神经功能之间的关系， 损伤和精神病理学。 我们正在集中评估同卵双胞胎 神经心理学精神病理学和核磁共振成像

Our work has focused on characterizing various facets of cognitive failure in schizophrenia. We have attempted in particular: 1. To examine executive functions. Studies have included the development of an auditory sort task that is analogous to the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the development of novel delayed response-delayed attenuation type task. Both tests have been designed to be used as cognitive activators during SPECT and PET studies. 2. To examine memory functions. Studies have included examination of procedural vs. declarative distinctions, the utility of Brown Peterson/release from proactive interference paradigms, list learning, implicit vs. explicit learning, and effortful vs. automatic processing. 3. To examine specificity. We are assessing cognitive functions in twins discordant for affective disorder, twins discordant for schizophrenia, temporal lobe epilepsy (at Walter Reed), and traumatic brain injury (at NRH). 4. To examine the relation of cognition to psychopathology. Chapman Scales of anhedonia, perceptual aberration, and magical ideation offer the possibility of ascertaining meaningful relations between brain abnormalities and psychological abnormalities. 5. To examine cognitive enhancing strategies. We have examined the effects of amphetamine on frontal tasks and are beginning a trial of the nootropic piracetam. Studies on anticholinergic effects on memory are also underway. 6. To examine the relation between basal ganglia function, cognitive impairment, and psychopathology. We are intensively assessing MZ twins with Tourettes syndrome on neuropsychology, psychopathology, and MRI.