Daily Stress and Well-Being during Adulthood

描述（研究者摘要）：申请寻求对以下内容的支持： 研究成年期的日常压力和幸福感。具体目标是 以：a）描述日常压力源的多个方面（例如，频率， 内容，严重程度）预测成年期的日常幸福感; B）检查如何 社会人口因素（例如，年龄、性别、社会经济地位）， 人格特征影响暴露于日常压力和中度 对日常压力源的身体、情感和社会反应;以及c）探索 遗传学在整个过程中对日常压力源的暴露和反应中的作用 成年这些目标将通过分析国家 日常经验研究（Ningbo），一项针对美国国民的电话日记研究 样本为1483名年龄从25岁到74岁的成年人。虽然小 一些日常日记的研究已经推进了对 成人发展和个性在日常压力过程中，有 这些研究中的重要局限性，可以在目前解决 study.首先，以前的日常日记研究依赖于小而经常的 不具代表性的样本，年龄范围有限， 调查结果的普遍性。本研究克服了这一局限性， 分析来自相当大的（N - 1483）和全国代表性的数据 年龄在25至74岁之间的成年人样本。这些受访者是 成人发展一般人口调查的代表性子样本。 第二，以前的研究，群体和个人的差异，暴露和 对日常压力源的反应通常只检查了一种来源， 可变性本研究将通过利用数据纠正这一问题 在更大的调查中收集了广泛的社会人口和 人格变量，以检查暴露和反应的决定因素， 日常压力第三，以前的研究没有调查的作用， 遗传学在暴露和反应日常压力。仙女座使用一个 242对同卵和同性异卵双胞胎的子样本，以探讨如何 基因和环境相互作用，以解释个体差异， 适应日常的压力体验。

DESCRIPTION (investigator's abstract): The application seeks support for a study of daily stress and well-being during adulthood. The specific aims are to: a) describe how multiple aspects of daily stressors (e.g., frequency, content, severity) predict daily well-being during adulthood; b) examine how sociodemographic factors (e.g., age, gender, socioeconomic status) and personality characteristics influence exposure to daily stressors and moderate physical, emotional, and social reactivity to daily stressors; and c) explore the role of genetics in exposure and reactivity to daily stressors throughout adulthood. These aims would be achieved by conducting analyses of the National Study of Daily Experiences (NSDE), a telephone diary study of a U.S. national sample of 1483 adults ranging in age from 25 to 74 years. Although a small number of daily diary studies have advanced the understanding of the role of adult development and personality in daily stress processes, there are important limitations in these studies that could be addressed in the present study. First, previous daily diary studies have relied on small and often unrepresentative samples with a restricted age range that limit the generalizability of findings. The present study overcomes this limitation by analyzing data from a fairly large (N - 1483) and nationally representative sample of adults in the age range 25 to 74 years. These respondents are a representative sub-sample of a general population survey of adult development. Second, previous studies of group and individual differences in exposure and reactivity to daily stressors have typically examined only one source of variability. The present study would correct this problem by utilizing the data collected in the larger survey on a wide array of sociodemographic and personality variables to examine the determinants of exposure and reactivity to daily stressors. Third, previous studies have failed to investigate the role of genetics in both exposure and reactivity to daily stressors. The NSDE uses a sub-sample of 242 identical and same-sex fraternal twin pairs to explore how genes and environment interact to account for individual differences in adaptation to day-to-day stressful experiences.