Visual-Motor Integration

描述(申请人提供)：该项目旨在了解人类额叶和顶叶视觉-运动整合的机制。控制眼睛和肢体位置的大脑系统之间的相互作用有助于视觉-运动整合。凝视影响非人类灵长类动物大脑许多部位的感觉和运动处理；人们对凝视如何调节人类感觉-运动处理知之甚少。确定凝视和肢体运动控制在顶叶和额叶区域的相互作用似乎对理解有目的的视觉-运动整合至关重要。 我们将使用功能磁共振成像和脑电图学来测量凝视和手运动相互作用下的额叶和顶叶加工。我们最近发现人类顶叶和额叶区域存在凝视增益场；该项目将利用增益场的变化和凝视诱导的手部运动脑反应的调制来理解视觉输入、凝视位置和手部运动的整合，从而得出一个用于自愿行动的顶额组织模型。 该项目有三个目标：第一，开发和维持人类顶叶和额叶的视场增强场的原则是什么？我们将研究当信息从视觉的顶叶传递到额叶再到动作流时，增益场的组织和变化以及凝视诱导的手部运动表征的调制。第二，当信息从人类顶叶流向额叶时，当将视觉输入和手部运动结合起来时，凝视和手部动作之间是否需要空间兼容？为此，我们将研究眼-手空间兼容性和手臂效应器的选择是否在发展增益场中起关键作用。第三，顶叶和额叶皮质中与手臂运动相关的区域使用什么坐标系？在这些实验中，我们将测试当眼睛位置与手臂运动相结合时，顶叶和额叶区域是否使用以眼睛、头部、身体或世界为中心的坐标框架。总而言之，这些实验将确定凝视位置和手臂位置之间的空间兼容性是否代表着构建额叶和顶叶区域的激活和功能连接模式所需的关键调控特征，这些区域调节眼睛和手的运动。这些结果将应用于感觉运动整合的模型，以及如何创建和修改动态的大脑表征，特别是关于运动计划是在顶叶形成然后传递到额叶皮质，还是顶叶将基本信息传递到额叶结构以进行最终规划。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project aims to understand mechanisms of visual-motor integration in human frontal and parietal lobes. Interactions among brain systems controlling eye and limb position contribute to visual-motor integration. Gaze influences sensory and motor processing at many brain sites in non-human primates; significantly less is known about how gaze regulates human sensory-motor processing. Determining how gaze and limb motor control interact in parietal and frontal areas seems essential to understand purposeful visual-motor integration. We will use functional MRI and electroencephalography to measure frontal and parietal processing underlying gaze and hand movement interactions. We have recently discovered the existence of gaze gain fields in human parietal and frontal areas; the project will use changes in gain fields and gaze-induced modulation of hand movement brain responses to understand integration of visual input, gaze position and hand movements to arrive at a model of parietal-frontal organization for voluntary action. The project has three aims: First, what are the principles for developing and maintaining gaze gain fields in human parietal and frontal lobes? We will investigate organization and changes in gain fields and gaze-induced modulation of hand movement representations as information passes from parietal to frontal lobe in the vision to action stream. Second, is spatial compatibility between gaze and hand movements required when combining visual input and hand movements as information flows from human parietal to frontal areas? For this aim, we will investigate whether eye-hand spatial compatibility and choice of arm effector have key roles in developing gain fields. Third, what coordinate system do arm movement related areas in parietal and frontal cortex use? In these experiments, we will test whether parietal and frontal areas use eye-, head-, body- or world-centered coordinate frameworks when integrating eye position with arm movements. Collectively, the experiments will determine whether spatial compatibility among location of gaze and arm positions represents a key regulatory feature needed to construct activation and functional connectivity patterns of frontal and parietal areas that mediate eye and hand movements. The results will have application to models of sensory motor integration and how dynamic brain representations become created and modified, especially regarding whether motor plans are formed in the parietal lobe and then relayed to frontal cortex or alternatively that the parietal lobe relays fundamental information to frontal structures for eventual planning.