Heterosexual HIV Risk: Effects of Men's Alcohol Use and Sexual Violence

描述（由申请人提供）：项目摘要：拟议研究的总体目标是探索和描述酒精消费和对妇女的性暴力对男性危险性行为的独立和协同影响。研究表明，与受感染的男性伴侣发生性活动是妇女传播艾滋病毒的主要方式，性胁迫和暴力（SCV）造成的受害历史可能会加剧妇女感染艾滋病毒的风险，但很少有关于SCV实施与导致异性恋男子潜在艾滋病毒传播的危险性行为之间联系的调查。此外，酒精消费在SCV-HIV风险联系中的作用仍未得到检验，尽管有证据表明男性饮酒与危险和暴力性行为有关。本研究探讨了性行为高风险社区样本中与女性发生性行为的年轻男性中艾滋病毒风险因素、scv相关因素和酒精相关因素之间的关系。这个项目的调查部分在全局关联和事件特定级别上调查这些关系。这个项目的实验部分检验了急性酒精中毒对男性对假设性行为的反应的影响，这种假设性行为涉及与一个偶然的女性伴侣协商避孕套。一个实验因素将在受试者之间进行操纵：4级酒精状况[清醒，安慰剂，中度中毒]。05%)和高度中毒（0.10%）]。依赖性措施将评估参与者在安全套谈判过程中的认知、情感和行为反应，包括使用胁迫或强迫获得无保护性行为的可能性。还将调查艾滋病毒风险因素、与scv有关的态度和历史以及酒精预期等背景变量对男性性决定的影响。除了完善关于酒精在危险和暴力性行为中的作用的理论外，研究结果还对有关酒精和性暴力对异性恋艾滋病毒风险影响的艾滋病毒预防计划具有启示意义。这个项目代表了一个研究项目发展的第一步，这个研究项目将解决这个重要的，但尚未得到充分研究的领域。相关性：艾滋病毒/艾滋病对妇女的健康构成日益严重的威胁，她们主要面临通过受感染的男性性伴侣感染艾滋病毒的风险。遭受男性性暴力的妇女表现出较高的艾滋病毒风险因素；因此，需要更好地了解男性危险的性行为与性暴力之间的联系，以便为艾滋病毒预防工作提供信息。此外，男性酒精中毒与危险性行为增加和性暴力增加有关；因此，了解男性饮酒对他们从事暴力和危险性行为的影响可以进一步完善艾滋病毒教育和预防方案。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project summary: The overarching objective of the proposed research is to explore and delineate the independent and synergistic effects of alcohol consumption and sexual violence against women on men's risky sexual behavior. Research indicates that sexual activity with infected male partners is the primary mode of HIV transmission for women and that a history of victimization resulting from sexual coercion and violence (SCV) may exacerbate women's HIV risk, yet there has been little investigation of the linkages between SCV perpetration and risky sexual behavior leading to potential HIV transmission in heterosexual men. Further, the role of alcohol consumption in the SCV-HIV risk connection remains unexamined, despite evidence from separate lines of research associating men's alcohol use with both risky and violent sexual behavior. This research examines the relationships among HIV risk factors, SCV-related factors, and alcohol-related factors in a high sexual risk community sample of young men who have sex with women. The survey portion of this project investigates these relationships on both global association and event-specific levels. The experimental portion of this project examines the effects of acute alcohol intoxication on men's responses to a hypothetical sexual situation involving condom negotiation with a casual female partner. One experimental factor will be manipulated between subjects: a 4-level Alcohol Condition [Sober, Placebo, Moderate Intoxication (.05%), and High Intoxication (.10%)]. Dependent measures will assess participants' cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses throughout the condom negotiation scenario, including the likelihood of using coercion or force to gain unprotected sex. The influence of background variables, such as HIV risk factors, SCV-related attitudes and history, and alcohol expectancies, on men's sexual decisions will also be investigated. In addition to refining theories regarding alcohol's role in both risky and violent sexual behavior, findings have implications for HIV prevention programs concerning the influence of alcohol and sexual violence on heterosexual HIV risk. This project represents a first step in the development of a research program that will address this important, but understudied, area. Relevance: HIV/AIDS poses an increasingly serious health threat to women, who are primarily at risk of contracting HIV through infected male sexual partners. Women who have experienced sexual violence by men exhibit elevated HIV risk factors; thus, a better understanding of the linkages between men's risky sexual behavior and sexual violence is needed to inform HIV prevention efforts. Additionally, alcohol intoxication in men has been associated with increased risky sexual behavior and increased sexual violence; therefore, knowledge regarding the effects of men's alcohol use on their engagement in both violent and risky sexual behavior can further refine HIV education and prevention programs.