Ecstasy "Epidemic" and Youth: Trends, Comorbidity, Risk and Protective Factors

描述(由申请人提供)：本次修订的R01申请是对最近的计划公告(PA-04-152)的回应：MDMA：需要更多重视的研究领域。其目的是研究摇头丸(MDMA)在青年中的使用情况。美国有1000多万人一生中至少使用过一次摇头丸，其中大多数是年轻人，因此迫切需要了解与使用摇头丸相关的模式、风险和保护因素，以便能够为这一人群提供适当的预防和干预。拟议的项目是对(1)国家药物使用与健康调查(NSDUH，前身为全国药物滥用家庭调查(NHSDA))7年(1999-2005年)系列年度调查数据的二次分析；(2)全国父母和青年调查(NSPY)，这是对青少年及其父母关于其药物使用、对药物使用的态度、信念和意图以及危险因素的纵向调查。研究目的：(1)描述1999年至2005年期间青年摇头丸使用的趋势；检查这些趋势是否因性别、族裔和地理区域而异；(2)检查国家政策对摇头丸使用的影响和对青年摇头丸使用趋势的影响；(2)检查与青年使用其他物质有关的摇头丸使用情况。(3)评估摇头丸使用与青少年情绪和行为问题以及自杀行为的关系，以控制其他药物的使用；检查这些关系的模式是否因性别而不同；及(4)评估青少年使用摇头丸的风险和保护因素(在个人、家庭和社区层面)。确定与摇头丸使用唯一相关的因素以及与其他物质使用相同的因素。希望这个项目的结果将帮助我们更好地了解摇头丸的使用模式，以及风险和保护因素，并为这一重要领域具有临床和政策相关性的更具体的研究指明方向。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This revised R01 application is in response to the recent Program Announcement (PA-04-152): MDMA: Research Areas Needing More Emphasis. Its purpose is to study use of ecstasy (MDMA) in youth. With over 10 million people in the United States having used ecstasy at least once in their lives and majority of them being youth, there is an urgent need to understand the patterns and risk and protective factors associated with its use to be able to provide adequate prevention and intervention to this population. The proposed project is a secondary analysis of (1) data from a 7-year (1999-2005) series of annual surveys from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH, formerly called the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA)) and (2) the National Survey of Parents and Youth (NSPY), a longitudinal survey of youth and their parents on their substance use, and attitudes, beliefs and intentions towards substance use, and risk factors. Study aims: (1) To describe trends in ecstasy use from 1999 to 2005 in youth; to examine if the trends differ by gender, ethnicity and geographic area; to examine the effects of national policies on ecstasy use and on trends of ecstasy use in youth: (2) To examine ecstasy use in relation to use of other substances in youth. (3) To assess the relationship of ecstasy use with emotional and behavioral problems, as well as suicidal behaviors in youth, controlling for use of other drugs; to examine if the patterns of the relationships differ by gender; and (4) To assess risk and protective factors (at the individual level, family level, and community level) for ecstasy use in youth. To identify factors uniquely associated with ecstasy use and those shared with use of other substances. It is hoped that the findings of this project will help us to better understand patterns of ecstasy use, as well as risk and protective factors, and point the way to more specific research with clinical and policy relevance in this important field.