Investigating Novel Correlates of Indoor Tanning Experiences: Project INCITE

皮肤癌是人类最常见的恶性肿瘤，与紫外线辐射(UVR)有关，特别是在人工来源的照射下。与日光浴相比，日光浴床在更短的时间内释放出更多的紫外线，大大增加了患皮肤癌的风险。虽然大多数皮肤癌不是致命的，但它们很常见，成本很高，可能会对健康和外表造成毁灭性的影响。尽管与日光浴相比，室内日光浴与皮肤癌的关联性更强，但关于室内日光浴的研究很少，尤其是在年轻女性中。研究通常涉及非常简短的调查或采访，没有深入探讨这些问题，也没有调查室内晒黑与心理和成瘾症状之间的关系。以前的研究已经提供了日光浴摊位的使用率和相关性，但主要集中在年轻青少年。然而，多达一半的年轻成年女性可能是室内晒黑工。拟议项目的具体目标是：(1)评估室内晒黑的动机，并确定不同亚群年轻成年女性的动机特征，以及(2)评估类似的关联和特征是否适用于日光浴，以及是否存在与使用防晒霜等皮肤保护行为相反的关系。研究设计包括详细的调查和结构化的临床访谈，以探索室内晒黑的外表、情感和成瘾动机，并描绘出皮肤损伤和潜在皮肤癌的高风险年轻成年女性的心理特征。正如文献所建议的那样，我们预计能够识别出在室内晒黑的相关性方面彼此之间存在质的不同的年轻成年女性的亚群。年轻女性经常在室内晒黑，尽管知道这对健康有危害；因此，她们潜在的复杂动机需要进一步调查。基于这项研究的结果，我们计划设计和测试一种新的干预措施，以解决室内年轻成年女性皮肤晒黑的相关心理和成瘾问题。

Skin cancer, the most common human malignancy, is associated with ultraviolet radiation (UVR), particularly when exposure is from artificial sources. Tanning beds emit more UVR over a shorter period of time than sunbathing, greatly increasing the risk for the development of skin cancers. While most skin cancers are not fatal, they are common, costly, and can have devastating effects on health and appearance. Little research has been conducted on indoor tanning despite its stronger association with skin cancer than sunbathing, particularly among young women. Studies have typically involved very brief surveys or interviews that have not explored the issues in an in-depth manner or investigated relationships between indoor tanning and psychological and addictive symptoms. Prior studies have provided rates and correlates of tanning booth use but have focused primarily on young adolescents. However, up to one half of young adult women may be indoor tanners. The specific aims of the proposed project are to: (1) evaluate motivations for indoor tanning and identify motivational profiles of different subgroups of young adult females and (2) evaluate whether similar associations and profiles hold for sunbathing and inverse relationships exist for skin protective behavior such as sunscreen use. The study design involves a detailed survey and structured clinical interview to explore the appearance, affective, and addictive motivations of indoor tanning and delineate psychological profiles of young adult women at high risk for skin damage and potential skin cancer. As suggested by the literature, we anticipate being able to identify subgroups of young adult females who are qualitatively different from one another in terms of correlates of indoor tanning. Young women often tan indoors despite knowledge of the health hazards; therefore, their potentially complex motivations need to be further investigated. Based on the results of this study, we plan to design and test a novel intervention that addresses relevant psychological and addictive problems among young adult female indoor tanners.