Life Course Cancer Epidemiology Cohort in Women

描述（由申请人提供）：我们建议继续护士健康研究II的随访，该研究是1989年纳入的年龄在25至42岁之间的116,430名妇女的癌症流行病学队列。该队列目前作为R0I得到支持。根据NCI的政策，我们现在通过合作协议申请对基础设施的支持。NHSII生物库包括29,611名妇女的血浆、红细胞、白细胞和晨尿样本；对于三分之二的女性，我们对绝经前的卵泡和黄体进行了定时取样。在2008-11年期间，超过16000人提供了第二次血液/尿液样本，当时大多数人已经绝经，我们还从另外29859名女性那里获得了脸颊细胞DNA。我们收集了乳腺癌、卵巢癌和黑色素瘤发病的档案组织块（已获得约70%的要求）。我们已经为乳腺癌创造了组织微阵列，已经被广泛使用。已经收集了乳腺癌病例和对照组的诊断前乳房x光片，以及先前良性病变活检的病理材料。NHSII队列每两年进行一次随访，随访率很高，占潜在患者时间的93%。我们使用国家死亡指数和其他方法几乎完全确定了死亡人数。NHSII队列在许多方面都是独一无二的，因为它是唯一一个在绝经前登记的大型女性队列，其吸烟、体重、药物使用和医疗诊断信息每2年更新一次，饮食和体育活动信息每4年更新一次。此外，我们还收集了详细的子宫和婴儿暴露（来自参与者的母亲），高中期间的饮食和其他有价值的暴露信息。这一群体的生产力一直很高；在过去的五年中，已经发表了150多篇论文，并且发表的速度越来越快。该队列是NCI队列联盟的成员，参与了许多合作研究，并具有积极的资源共享成分。队列基础设施的增强包括对乳腺肿瘤DNA甲基化和RNA表达以及肠道微生物组的评估，以及用于解释测量误差的软件开发。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to continue the follow-up of the Nurses' Health Study II, a cancer epidemiology cohort of 116,430 women enrolled at ages 25 to 42 years in 1989. The cohort is currently supported as an R0I. Consistent with NCI policy, we are now applying for support of the infrastructure through a cooperative agreement. The NHSII biorepository includes plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and first morning urine samples from 29,611 women; for two thirds of these women we have timed follicular and luteal premenopausal samples. Over 16,000 provided a 2nd blood/urine sample in 2008-11 when the majorities were postmenopausal, and we have cheek cell DNA from an additional 29,859 women. We have collected archival tissue blocks for incident breast and ovarian cancers and melanoma (approximately 70% of requested have been obtained). We have created tissue microarrays for breast cancers that are already being used extensively. Prediagnostic mammograms have been collected for breast cancer cases and controls, as well as pathology material from previous biopsies of benign lesions. The follow-up of the NHSII cohort, conducted every two years, has been high and accounts for 93% of potential person-time. We have nearly complete ascertainment of deaths using the National Death Index and other methods. The NHSII cohort is unique in many ways, as the only large cohort of women enrolled before menopause, with information on smoking, weight, medication use, and medical diagnoses updated every 2 years and information on diet and physical activity updated every four years. Further, we have collected detailed on in utero and infant exposures (from participants' mothers), diet during high school, and other valuable exposure information. This cohort has been highly productive; over 150 papers have been published during the last five years, and the rate of publication is increasingly rapidly. This cohort is a member of the NCI Cohort Consortium, has participated in many collaborative studies, and has an active resource-sharing component. Enhancements of the cohort infrastructure involve assessment of breast tumor DNA methylation and RNA expression and the gut microbiome, and development of software to account for measurement error.